动物源性食品中抗菌药残留的微生物学检测技术研究进展

抗菌药通过直接用药或用作饲料添加剂投入养殖业中，用于治疗或预防动物疾病。养殖业不当使用抗菌药，不可避免地造成抗菌药在动物源性食品中残留过量。微生物学法是最早用于抗菌药残留检测的方法，较其他检测方法而言，微生物学法操作简单、成本低、高通量，广泛应用于牛奶、畜禽组织等动物源性食品中抗菌药残留快速筛选检测，为后期的化学分析确证法节约大量成本。文章主要综述了微生物学法的发展历程及微生物学法在牛奶、可食性畜禽组织、鸡蛋、水产品、蜂蜜等动物源性食品中抗菌药残留检测的应用情况，为后续研制新微生物学法提供理论依据和实践基础，并对未来的微生物学法的发展做出展望。

Research Progress on Microbiological Detection Methods for Residual Antibacterials in Animal Food

Antibacterials are used for the treatment or prevention of animal diseases by direct administration or feed additives. The inappropriate use of antibacterials in aquaculture inevitably lead to excessive residue of antibacterials in animal food. Microbiological methods are the earliest methods for the detection of antibacterials residues. Compared with other detection methods, microbiological methods are widely used for detecting residual antibacterials in livestock and poultry, milk and others animal food because it is easy to operate, low cost and high throughput. The purpose of this paper is to review the development history of microbiological methods and its application status for the detection of residual antibacterials in milk, feeding livestock and poultry, eggs, aquatic products and honey, which provides a theoretical and practical basis for the subsequent development of new microbiological methods. This review also makes a prospect of the development of microbiological methods.