茶园红壤磷素形态组成特点及其影响因素研究

为了解茶园土壤磷素化学形态特点及磷的生物有效性,从浙江省境内采集35个代表性茶园红壤,详细鉴定土壤磷素形态,并与周围的荒地红壤进行比较。结果表明,茶园红壤磷素以无机磷为主,有机磷与无机磷占全磷的比例平均分别为27.39%和72.61%,有机磷占全磷的比例与土壤有机碳含量呈正相关。茶园红壤有机磷主要为中度活性有机磷与中度稳定性有机磷为主,高度稳定性有机磷和活性有机磷占比较低;无机磷以闭蓄态磷为主,其次为铁磷和铝磷,钙结合态磷含量较低。Ca₂-P、Al-P和Fe-P占全磷的比例随土壤磷素积累而提高,施用有机肥可促进茶园红壤有机磷、Ca₂-P和Al-P的形成。与荒坡红壤比较,茶园红壤具较高的有机磷、Ca₂-P和Al-P。土壤有效磷与Ca₂-P、Al-P的相关性最高。

Study on Phosphorus Forms and Their Influencing Factors in Tea Garden Red Soil

To understand the chemical forms of phosphorus and the biological availability of phosphorus in tea garden soil, 35 samples of representative tea garden red soil were collected from Zhejiang Province, and the forms of phosphorus in soil were identified in detail, and compared with those in surrounding wasteland red soil. The results showed that inorganic phosphorus was the main phosphorus form in tea plantation red soil, and the average proportion of organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus in total phosphorus of the soil was 27.39% and 72.61%, respectively. The proportion of organic phosphorus in total phosphorus was positively correlated with the content of soil organic carbon. The organic phosphorus in tea garden red soil was mainly moderately active and moderately stable, and the proportion of highly stable and active organic phosphorus was relatively low. Meanwhile the occluded phosphate was the main inorganic phosphorus in the soil, followed by iron phosphorus and aluminium phosphorus, and calcium-bound phosphorus was relatively low. The proportions of Ca₂-P, Al-P and Fe-P in total phosphorus increased with the accumulation of soil phosphorus. The application of organic fertilizer could promote the formation of organic phosphorus, Ca₂-P and Al-P in tea garden red soil. Compared with wasteland red soil, tea garden red soil had higher organic phosphorus, Ca₂-P and Al-P. Soil available phosphorus was well correlated with Ca₂-P and Al-P.