基于高分六号卫星的植被生态景观监测分析

随着国产高分卫星对地观测系统的建立和完善,精细化生态遥感监测分析需求已提上议事日程。笔者以新疆维吾尔自治区巴音郭楞蒙古自治州和静县为例,利用GIS和遥感技术对高分6号卫星数据进行归一化植被指数(NDVI)反演,生成植被指数覆盖度等级,结合土地利用类型,对研究区植被生态景观现状进行分析评价;并且用DEM数据提取高程、坡度2个主要的地形因子对NDVI值的空间分布进行了相关分析。结果显示：（1）和静县植被覆盖度等级分布都具有明显的空间异质性,总体而言,以中度和较低覆盖植被为主;（2）和静县植被指数在低海拔与高海拔地区较低,在中海拔地区(2500~3200 m)植被指数达到最大,最大值为0.48;（3）坡度对植被影响较大。在10°左右,植被长势较好,植被指数达到最大。

Application of Gaofen No.6 Satellite in Vegetation Ecological Remote Sensing Monitoring

With the establishment and improvement of domestic Gaofen satellite ground observation system, the need for refined ecological remote sensing monitoring and analysis has been put on the agenda. The authors took Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture Hejing County as an example, used GIS and remote sensing technology to perform normalized vegetation index (NDVI) inversion on the satellite data of Gaofen No.6, to generate vegetation index coverage levels and combined land use types, analyzed the current situation of vegetation ecological landscape in the study area; and used DEM data to extract the two main topographic factors of elevation and slope to conduct correlation analysis of the spatial distribution of NDVI values. The results show that: (1) the spatial distribution of vegetation coverage in Hejing County has obvious spatial heterogeneity, in general, it is mainly moderate and low coverage vegetation; (2) the vegetation index of Hejing County at low altitude and high altitude area is relatively low, and the vegetation index reaches the maximum in the middle altitude area (2500-3200 m), the maximum value was 0.48; (3) the slope has greater impact on vegetation. At about 10°, the vegetation growth is good and the vegetation index reaches the maximum.