抗条锈与白粉病的小麦种质资源鉴定及筛选

为筛选和发掘优良抗条锈病和白粉病资源，利用条锈菌和白粉菌优势小种对9 464份种质资源、黄淮南片和陕西省中肥组区试参试品种（系）及自育高代系进行大田抗病性鉴定和筛选。鉴定结果表明，供试材料存在大量的抗条锈病或白粉病的单抗资源。其中，抗条锈病资源2 836份，占30.0%；抗白粉病资源3 878份，占41.0%；筛选出兼抗2种病害的资源910份，占9.6%。为抗病育种筛选出一批抗性好、农艺性状优良的抗源材料。

Identification and Screening of Wheat Germplasm Resistant to Wheat Stripe Rust and Powdery Mildew

In order to select and excavate some excellent wheat germplasm with resistance to wheat stripe rust and powdery mildew disease, the disease resistance of 9 464 wheat germplasm including the tested varieties and advanced inbred lines in the middle fertility group areas from the south of Huang huai region and Shaanxi Province were analyzed by using the predominant races of stripe rust and powdery mildew. The results showed that there are lots of single resistance resources which resistant to wheat stripe rust or powdery mildew. Among them,2 836 wheat varieties with the percentage of 30.0% had resistance to wheat stripe rust. 3 878 varieties which account for 41.0% had the resistance to wheat powdery mildew. 910 wheat resources simultaneous resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew and they accounted about 9.6%. This study found out some resistant materials which had better resistance and excellent agronomic characters for wheat resistance breeding, and also pointed out the development orientation and objective for the wheat resistance breeding in the future.