石灰氮防治甘薯茎基部腐烂病试验研究初报

为了有效防控甘薯茎基部腐烂病,促进西部山区甘薯可持续健康生产,研究了甘薯苗扦插前用石灰氮处理土壤,薯苗扦插后用戊唑醇喷淋植株基部对甘薯茎基部腐烂病害发生情况的影响。结果表明：施用石灰氮处理土壤并结合薯苗扦插时戊唑醇浸苗、扦插后用戊唑醇喷淋的(GSS2)与对照(GSS5)相比防病效果高75.34%;石灰氮处理土壤,戊唑醇浸苗,但薯苗扦插后不喷戊唑醇的(GSS3)防效只有30.43%;薯苗扦插后喷药(GSS2)病株率比初发病时喷药(GSS1)低6.85个百分点;单一药液浸苗(GSS5)对防病没有效果;处理GSS4与对照(GSS5)相比防病效果增加52.16%;石灰氮处理土壤不仅能减轻当年甘薯病害发生,提高鲜薯产量,对下一年防病增产也有显著效果。施用石灰氮作土壤消毒既防病,又增加鲜薯产量,这对促进山区甘薯可持续生产有重要意义。

Effects of Lime Nitrogen on Stem Base Rot Disease of Sweet Potato

To effectively prevent and control the rot disease at the base of sweet potato stem, thus promote the sustainable and healthy production of sweet potato in mountainous areas, the effects of treating soil with lime nitrogen before cutting and spraying base stem with tebuconazole after cutting on the disease were studied. The results showed that the effect of soil treated with lime nitrogen + soaking and spraying tebuconazole after cutting (GSS2) was 75.34% higher than that of the control (GSS5); the soil treated with lime nitrogen + soaking tebuconazole after cutting (GSS3) had only 30.43% increase in disease control effect; the disease rate of sweet potato spraying with tebuconazole after cutting (GSS2) was 6.85% lower than those spraying with tebuconazole at the initial occurrence of the disease (GSS1). Soaking base stem with tebuconazole alone (GSS5) had no effect on disease control. The effect of GSS4 was 52.16% higher than that of the control (GSS5). This research indicates that the application of lime nitrogen to soil could reduce the incidence of the rot disease at the base of sweet potato stem, thereby increasing the yield of sweet potato. Moreover, the soil treated with lime nitrogen also has significant effect on disease control and yield increase in the next year. Applying lime nitrogen as soil disinfection could prevent diseases and increase the yield of fresh sweet potato, and has great significance to promote the sustainable production of sweet potato in mountainous areas.