microRNA调控动物皮下脂肪组织和肌内脂肪沉积的研究进展

脂肪组织是动物机体重要的能量代谢及内分泌器官，选择性的脂肪沉积对动物肉类的感官品质、风味性和加工特性具有至关重要的作用，因此动物不同部位脂肪沉积的特异性调控因子及其作用分子机理备受研究者的关注。microRNA（miRNA）是一类长度为22 nt左右的非编码小RNA，近年来采用组学技术对具有表型差异的脂肪组织和脂肪细胞进行高通量测序，筛选发现了许多差异表达的miRNAs，这些miRNAs可通过与靶基因mRNA相结合发挥生物学功能，对不同部位脂肪沉积调控具有重要作用。鉴于此，本文将从miRNA在动物皮下脂肪组织和肌内脂肪的调控作用等方面进行综述，为后续研究miRNA调控动物脂肪组织沉积的作用及机制提供理论参考和新的思路。

Research Progress of microRNA Regulation on the Fat Deposition of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Intramuscular Fat in Animals

Adipose tissues are the important energy metabolism and endocrine organs for animals. Selective fat deposition plays a vital role in the sensory quality, flavor and processing characteristics of animal meat. Therefore, the specific regulatory factors and molecular mechanisms of fat deposition in different parts of animals have attracted the attention of researchers. microRNA (miRNA) was regarded as a family of small non-coding RNA with a length of 22 nt. In recent years, omics technology has been used for high-throughput sequencing of adipose tissues and adipocytes with phenotypic differences, many differentially expressed miRNAs have been screened and found. These miRNAs can perform biological functions by combining with target gene mRNA. The differentially expressed miRNAs in adipose tissues play an important role in the regulation of fat deposition. Here, this review will summarize the function of miRNA involved in subcutaneous adipose tissue and intramuscular adipose tissues of animal, so as to provide theoretical references and new ideas for the further exploration of miRNA regulating on the specific adipose deposition of animal.