饥饿和补偿生长对吉富罗非鱼摄食、生长及体成分的影响

研究了在25．5-30.0℃条件下分别饥饿0、5、10、15d后，再恢复投喂15d对吉富罗非鱼（GIFT，Oreochromis niloticus）摄食、生长及体成分的影响．结果显示：随着饥饿时间的延长，吉富罗非鱼体重损失率显著增大，水分和灰分的质量分数逐渐升高；粗脂肪的质量分数在饥饿前期下降较快，随着饥饿时间的延长下降速率逐渐减慢，3个饥饿组与对照组有显著差异（P〈0．05）；粗蛋白的质量分数在饥饿前期下降不明显，饥饿5d组与对照组差异不显著（P〉0．05），而饥饿后期下降较明显，饥饿10、15d组与对照组差异显著（P〈0．05）；鱼体能量不断下降，除饥饿5d组外，各饥饿组与对照组均存在显著差异（P〈0．05）．恢复投喂后，各饥饿组体成分和鱼体能量均恢复至对照组水平，各饥饿处理组恢复投喂期间的摄食率显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）．结果表明：饥饿5d组吉富罗非鱼具有完全补偿生长能力，饥饿10、15d幼鱼仅有部分补偿生长能力，这种补偿生长效应可能主要是通过饥饿后食欲增强，摄食量增加实现的．

The Effect of Starvation and Compensatory Growth on the Feeding, Growth and Body Biochemical Composition of GIFT （Oreochromis niloticus）

The effect of starvation and compensatory growth on growth, feeding and body biochemical composition of Oreochromis niloticm （GIFT） was investigated indoor at 25.5 - 30. 0 ℃. Four treatments with triplicates were designed. The GIFT were starved for 0 d （as control group）, 5 d, 10 d, and 15 d, respectively and then fed 15 d for all groups. After starvation, the loss of body weight increased with the lasting of starvation period, while ash and moisture content increased significantly. The content of crude lipid decreased rapidly during early period of starvation （before 10 d） and then decreased slightly. In contrast, the content of crude protein decreased slightly during early starvation period and rapidly later. The energy of starved GIFT declined with the extension of starvation time. After being re-fed for 15 d, the body biochemical compositions and energy of starved GIFT came back to normal level and were similar to those of control group. During the re-feeding period, the feeding rate of GIFT in starved groups was significantly higher than that in control group. It indicated that the subject starved for 5 d was of full compensatory ability, whereas thosestarved for 10 d and 15 d had only partial compensation for growth. The compensatory growth occurring after starvation for GIFT mainly resulted from hyperphagia and increase of feeding rate.