一株葡萄孢属(Botrytis)真菌结皮效果的研究

从陕北毛乌素沙地生物结皮的下层中筛选得到一株真菌,经鉴定,表明该菌株属于葡萄孢属(Botry-tis)。它能在生长繁殖过程中分泌出大量胞外黏多糖,室内摇瓶振荡培养3 d黏度可达9 860 mPa.s,产量达19.246g/L,通过采用薄层层析法对多糖的组分的测定,初步表明该多糖主要由D-甘露糖和D-半乳糖组成。通过结皮试验,结果表明该株真菌菌剂喷洒于流沙表面后,能够形成约8.2 mm厚的一层具有粘结沙粒、保持水分的生物结皮层,同时具有明显的减缓土壤中水分蒸发的效果。表明该菌株在荒漠化治理、恢复和保护生态环境方面具有重要的应用潜力。

A fungus strain of Botrytis and its crust effect

A fungus strain was isolated from the underlayer of biological crusts in Maowusu desert. According to the analysis of morphology, this strain was identified as Botrytis. It could secrete the massive mucopolysaccharide during the growth, the viscosity reached 9 860 mPa·s, and the yield of mucopolysaccharide reached 19.246 g/L, after having been cultivated for 3d in liquid shake flask. Moreover, the components of polysaccharide were assayed by use of TLC. The results showed that mucopolysaccharide released by this fungus consisted of the D-mannose and D galactose. If a fungal culturing solution was sprinkled on shifting sand surface, a microbiotic crust of 8.2 mm conglutinating sand could be formed. The crust can not only stabilize moving sand but also can slower the rate of soil moisture evaporation. These show its great application potential in desertification control, restoration and protection of the ecological environment.