中国储藏物害虫生物防治的研究进展

本文综述了中国近20年储藏物害虫生物防治的研究与应用进展。（1）天敌昆虫方面：从美国引进黄色花蝽室内毓及仓库释放取得成功，并进行了有关生物学及捕食效应的研究。对仓双环猎蝽、黄风花蝽、麦蛾茧蜂及蜚蠊卵寄生蜂进行了生物学及控制研究，开展了天敌昆虫区系调查。（2）病原微生物：对苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bt)进行了仓库资源的分类鉴定及遗传多样性研究、致病害虫病变研究；对蜚蠊有效的苏云金芽孢杆菌、病毒、线虫进行了分离筛选及生物测定；用Bt乳剂实仓防治绿豆象。（3）昆虫信息素：仓库中释放麦蛾、印度螟蛾的合成信息素取得成效，对谷斑皮蠹、绿豆象、谷象、烟草甲、扁甲类、蜚蠊、白蚁等进行了合成信息素效果试验及信息素的分离、提取、纯化、合成工作。（4）昆虫生长调节与生长抑制剂：开展了灭幼脲1号（TH－6040，Dimilin)及保幼激素ZR515及ZR512等30多种保幼激素防治害虫的研究。（5）抗虫品种方面：进行了稻谷、小麦、玉米、豆类品种储藏期对玉米象、麦蛾、谷蠹、豆象的抗性及其机制研究。（6）遗传防治：开展了印度螟蛾、谷象、绿豆象等害虫不育及遗传效应的研究。米象与玉米象杂交后代的遗传学研究。

ADVANCE OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROLLING STORED-PRODUCT INSECTS IN CHINA

This article reviewed the progress of studies on biological control of stored - product insects in China in recent twenty years.①.insect - natural enemies: successful introduction of Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter) from America, reproduction and application to controlling warehouse insects; studies on biology and predatory effect of parasites such as Peregrinator blannulipes, Xylocoris spp., Brocon hebetor, Parasitic wasps on cockroaches' eggs; investigation of fauna of insect-natural enemies. ②. entomopathogen: application of Bacillus thuringiensis to controlling some pests.③.insect pheromone: reports are concentrated on the application of insect pheromone to controlling Sitotroga cerealella (Oliver), Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) etc.④.insect growth regulator and inhibitor:studies have been done on the application of Benzoylpheny and hydrojuvenile hormone such as ZR515,ZR512.⑤.insect resistant varieties and resistance mechanism of rice, wheat, corn, legume to Sitophilus zeamais, Sitotroga cerealella, Rhizopertha dominica and bean weevil have been studied. ⑥. genetic control of insects:researches on the mutation caused by radiation and control effect of Plodia interpuctella (Hubner),Callosobruchus chinensis L.and other insects.