室内观赏花卉水培移栽技术研究

[目的]为室内观赏花卉水培移栽提供技术支撑。[方法]以君子兰、吊兰、海芋、白掌、龟背竹5种花卉为试材,洗净根系土壤,并剪除腐朽和老化根,用0.1%高锰酸钾溶液浸泡根系后进行水培栽植。观察不同批次试材水培后的生长情况。[结果]水培时间对君子兰的生根时间、水生根生长及老根腐烂情况均有影响;试材株高小于15cm、水温为12～15℃时,植株容易水培成功。吊兰和海芋很适合水培,水培后3d即有水生根长出,且水生根为白绿色,观赏价值极高,老根大部分腐烂。白掌和龟背竹在移栽后4d长出水生根,老根腐烂较慢。[结论]吊兰、海芋、白掌、龟背竹较适合水培,君子兰水培时应选择适当的植株和温度。经常换水或营养液、控制好水位是水培的关键。

Study on Water Culture and Transplanting Technique of Indoor Ornamental Flowers

[Objective]The purpose was to supply technical support for water culture and transplanting of indoor ornamental flowers.[Method]With 5 flowers of Clivia,Chlorophytum,Alocasia macrorrhizos,Spathiphyllum kochii and Monstera deliciosa as tested materials,the soil adhering to roots was cleaned with water,the rot and old root was cut off,and then the roots was soaked with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution before water-culture planting.The growth status of tested materials from different batches after water culture was observed.[Result] Water culture time had influence on rooting time of Clivia,growth of its water root and rotting condition of its old root;when the plant heights of tested materials were lower than 15 cm and the water temperature was 12-15 ℃,the water culture of plants was easy to succeed.Water culture was very suitable for Chlorophytum and A.macrorrhizos,they grew out water root after water culture for 3 d,their water root was white green and had very high ornamental value,and most of their old root was rotten.S.kochii and M.deliciosa grew out water root after 4 d from transplanting and the rotting of their old root was slower.[Conclusion]Water culture was more suitable for Chlorophytum,A.macrorrhizos,S.kochii and M.deliciosa.It was needed to select suitable plants and temperature for water culture of Clivia.Changing water or nutritive solution frequently and controlling water level well was the key for water culture.