磷酸活化棉秆制备活性炭的研究

[目的]磷酸活化棉秆制备活性炭.[方法]以棉秆为原料,磷酸为活化剂,采用一步法制备活性炭,考察了浸渍比、活化温度、活化时间对活性炭吸附性能和活化得率的影响.[结果]棉秆制备活性炭的最佳工艺条件：浸渍比为1.5,活化温度450℃,活化时间60 min.此时,活性炭的碘吸附值为1 376 mg/g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为163.5 mg/g,活化得率为35.67％.制得的活性炭比表面积为1 462 m2/g,总孔体积为1.178 cm3/g,中孔体积为0.792 cm3/g,平均孔径为4.4nm,最可几孔径为3.9nm.[结论]该研究对于扩大制备活性炭的原料,带动产棉区的农业经济发展具有重要的意义.

Preparation of Activated Carbon from Cotton Stalk by Chemical Activation with Phosphoric Acid

[ Objective ] The research aimed to prepare activated carbon from cotton stalk by chemical activation with phosphoric acid. [ Meth- od] Activated carbon was prepared with cotton stalk as raw materials and phosphoric acid as activating agent using a one-step activation meth- od. Effects of impregnation ratio, activation temperature and activation time on the adsorption properties and yield of the activated carbon were studied. [ Result] The optimum conditions were as follows ： the impregnation ratio was 1.5 ; the activation temperature was 450℃ ; the activa- tion time was 60 min. At this time, adsorption values of iodine and methylene blue by the activated carbon were respectively 1 376 and 163.5 mg/g, while activation yield was 35.67%. The specific surface area of the activated carbon was 1 462 m2/g. Total pore volume and mesopore volume were respectively 1. 178 and 0. 792 cm3/g, while average pore size and most probable pore size were respectively 4.4 and 3.9 nm. [ Conclusion] The research had important signifieanees for enlarging the material preparing activated carbon and promoting agricultural eco- nomic development in cotton-producing region.