海南省椰子产业分析与发展路径研究

全球椰子产量86%集中在东南亚地区,我国99%的椰子集中在海南种植,2018年海南椰子产值达3.86亿元,产量2.27亿个,主推品种有文椰2号、文椰3号、文椰4号等。通过梳理近10年海南省椰子产业的种植、品种、价格和成本收益等基本情况,分析海南省椰子产业发展存在的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战。海南气候佳,土壤好,品种资源丰富,非常适合椰子种植,但加工业和种植业不协调,管理粗放,产业收益回报慢,椰子产品深加工水平低,在迎来海南自贸港建设和实施"国家乡村振兴"战略的重大历史机遇的同时,也面临着椰果原料供应不足和产品同质化低价竞争等挑战,提出了产学研相结合、形成椰子产品差异化竞争新格局等对策建议。

Analysis and Development Path of Coconut Industry in Hainan Province

Globally, 86% of coconuts are grown in southeast Asia. In China, 99% of coconuts are grown in Hainan province. In 2018, the output value of coconuts in Hainan reached 386 million yuan, with a total output of 226 million. The main varieties are "Wenye 2", "Wenye 3", "Wenye 4" and etc. The cultivation, varieties, prices, costs and benefits of coconut industry in Hainan in the past ten years were summarized, and the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of coconut industry were analyzed. With favorable climate and soil as well as rich variety resources in Hainan, it is very suitable for coconut cultivation, however, there is imbalance in the processing and planting industries. There are several weaknesses including extensive management, slow industrial returns and low deep processing level of coconut products. Coconut industry is facing important historical opportunities of the construction of free trade zone and implementation of national rural revitalization strategy, as well as challenges of insufficient supply of coconut raw materials and low price competition of homogeneous products. Policy suggestions such as combining production, education and researches to form a new pattern of differentiated competition of coconut products were proposed.