Colonization of central European abandoned fields by dry grassland species depends on the species richness of the source habitats: a new approach for measuring habitat isolation |
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Authors: | Jana Knappová Lucie Hemrová Zuzana Münzbergová |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Vinicna 7, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic;(2) Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benatska 2, 128 01 Prague, Czech Republic;(3) Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Zamek 1, 252 43 Pruhonice, Czech Republic |
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Abstract: | Abandoned fields are perceived as potential habitats for species of threatened semi-natural dry grasslands. However, information
is lacking regarding how the spontaneous colonization of abandoned fields depends on the broader spatial context. We recorded
the occurrence of 87 target species in 46 abandoned fields and 339 dry grasslands. We tested the effect of the isolation of
abandoned fields from source grasslands on the number of dry grassland species occurring in abandoned fields either with or
without habitat characteristics being used as covariates. The isolation of the fields was calculated using the distance and
area (I
A
) or distance and species richness (I
S
) of source habitats. I
S
always explained the number of grassland species in the abandoned fields better than I
A
. The effect of isolation became smaller or even non-significant with the inclusion of covariates; it also changed with the
method used for measuring distance (edge-to-edge or center-to-center), and it was lower when other abandoned fields were considered
as additional source habitats. The different performance of the two isolation measures can be explained by the weak species–area
relationship in the grasslands, indicating differences in their habitat quality. Species richness is a better proxy of habitat
importance in terms of propagule source than habitat area, and the new isolation measure is therefore suitable for studying
the effects of landscape structure on species richness in landscapes presenting a weak species–area relationship, such as
areas exhibiting pronounced effects of land-use history. Inclusion of habitat characteristics as covariates may considerably
alter conclusions regarding the effect of isolation, which might actually be overestimated when assessed separately. |
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Keywords: | |
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