Total bilirubin is an independent predictor of death in dogs with degenerative valvular disease and dilated cardiomyopathy |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 28 College Ave W, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada;2. Hospital Veterinario UCV y Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Catolica de Valencia San Vicente Martir, Valencia, Spain;3. Department of Companion Animals, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Ave, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada;1. Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell''Emilia, Italy;2. Clinica Veterinaria San Sebastiano, via Boari 22, 04026 Minturno, Italy;1. Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada;2. Department of Companion Animals, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Ave, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, C1A 4P3, Canada;1. Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA;2. CVCA, Cardiac Care for Pets, 13160 Magisterial Drive, Louisville, KY 40223, USA;1. Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy;2. Freelance Veterinary Cardiologist, Italy;3. Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Strada del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionThere is little published regarding the association between canine cardiovascular disease and the hepatic system. The objective of the study was to evaluate the relationship between hepatic parameters, survival, and disease stages of dogs with either dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or degenerative valvular disease (DVD).Animals, materials, and methodsRetrospective study analyzing hepatic parameters in dogs with DVD or DCM in American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine stage B or C and healthy control dogs. Associations between liver parameters, type and stage of disease, and survival were investigated.ResultsNinety-nine dogs were included in the study: 61 DVD, 22 DCM, and 16 controls. Differences in liver parameter concentrations between DCM, DVD, and disease stages were found. Univariate analysis identified alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (P = 0.02), and total bilirubin (P = 0.005) as predictors of mortality. In the multivariate analysis, total bilirubin remained an independent predictor of mortality.ConclusionsThe observed differences between DCM, DVD, and disease stages are likely consistent with disease-specific hemodynamics and progression of disease. This and the role of total bilirubin as an independent predictor for mortality indicate that in dogs with DVD and DCM the cardiovascular–hepatic interaction might be of relevance for disease progression and outcome, as reported for humans with cardiac disease. Further studies into the role of hepatic function in canine cardiac disease are required. |
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| Keywords: | Survival Dog Hepatic Congestive heart failure Cardiovascular–hepatic |
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