A general grass growth model for urban green spaces management in tropical regions: A case study with bahiagrass in southeastern Brazil |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Earth Observation and Geoinformatics Division, National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil;2. Department of Environmental Science – DCAm, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil;3. USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, USA;4. USDA Agricultural Research Service, Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, TX, USA;5. School of Computer Science – Facom, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil;1. Davis College, Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA;2. Bartlett Tree Research Laboratories, 13768 Hamilton Rd., Charlotte, NC, USA;3. InnoRenew CoE, Izola, Slovenia and University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia;4. North Elementary School, Morgantown, WV, USA;1. Department of Systems Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic;2. Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic, Kaplanova 1931/1, 148 00 Prague 11-Chodov, Czech Republic;1. Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;2. Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;1. Monash Art Design and Architecture, Monash University, Sir John Monash Drive, Caulfield, Victoria 3161, Australia;2. School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia;1. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015, USA;2. Bowling Green State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 429e Life Sciences Building, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA |
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| Abstract: | Urban green spaces (UGS) positively impact the population, providing essential ecosystem services and improving public health. Urban vegetation management needs to optimize mowing process costs and reducing impacts on the natural ecosystem. Thus, we implemented a general grass growth model suitable for UGS management in tropical areas, focused on lawns, public parks and squares, roadsides, and around waterways. The model incorporates local edaphoclimatic conditions to simulates the daily dynamics of leaf area index (LAI), biomass, evapotranspiration, and soil water content, going under mowing processes or not, with spatialization capability which might be integrated within geographic information system (GIS) environments. A case study assessing bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flüggé) vegetation species in São Carlos, southeastern Brazil, is presented, considering two scenarios to demonstrate the spatial capabilities of the model: (i) UGS as a single area, and (ii) several areas independently. For model validation, vegetation indices calculated based on data from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and CubeSat imagery (PlanetScope) were used to retrieve LAI time series, calibrated with spectral signatures from leaf ground sampling. For performance analysis, LAI time series from the model and LAI retrieved from both sensors were compared via determination coefficient (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE). Our findings suggest that the proposed model is accurate, and due to its spatialization capability and integration with a GIS, its application may help government administrations to optimize UGS mowing processes. |
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| Keywords: | Urban vegetation management Urban planning Public open spaces Vegetation growth modeling Bahiagrass |
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