Effects of moderate drought on particles retention and physiology of three evergreen shrubs |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin''an 311300, China;2. School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin''an 311300, China;1. Engineer in Training at Martin/Martin Inc., 12499 W Colfax Ave, Lakewood, CO, 80215, United States;2. Department of Forest Resources Management, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 Canada;3. Professor at Colorado State University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 400 Isotope Dr, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, United States;1. Department of Forest Engineering, Agrarian and Environmental Sector, Midwestern State University, Irati, Brazil;2. Forest Science Post-Graduation Program, Agrarian and Environmental Sector, Midwestern State University, Irati, Brazil;3. Department of Forest Engineering, Veterinary Science Center, Santa Catarina State University, Lages, Brazil;1. State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;2. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Beijing Zoo, Beijing 100044, China;1. National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary;2. Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary;1. Department of Forest Resources Management, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada;2. Centro de Investigaciones Económicas, Administrativas y Sociales (CIECAS), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Lauro Aguirre 120, Agricultura, 11360, Mexico City, Mexico;3. Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México. Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo, 11340, Ciudad de México, CDMX, México |
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| Abstract: | Moderate drought and vehicular exhaust particles are two common stressors to urban plants. However, it is unclear whether moderate drought affects particle retention by plants and whether stressors, such as moderate drought and exhaust pollution, can interact to affect plant performance. Here, we used an open-top chamber experiment to quantify particle retention per unit leaf area and physiological and biochemical parameters of Pittosporum tobira, Photinia × fraseri, and Euonymus japonicus ‘aurea-marginatus’ over 24 days. Total particle retention of E. japonicus ‘aurea-marginatus’ was significantly higher than the other two species by 1.10 times - 1.45 times. Moderate drought had significant, species-specific effects on particle retention, causing a 45.51% increase in P. tobira and a 51.22% decrease in P. fraseri, but no significant effect on E. japonicus ‘aurea-marginatus’. Superoxide dismutase was activated by drought or exhaust pollution for all plants, reaching its maximum (P. fraseri on the 6th day, the other two species on the 12th day), and then declining. The soluble sugar content of E. japonicus ‘aurea-marginatus’ increased during the first 12 days of stress, while it decreased in the other two species. After 24 days, the relative conductivity of stressed individuals was generally higher and the relative chlorophyll content lower except for P. fraseri. However, a significant decrease in net photosynthetic rate was found only in P. fraseri, and E. japonicus ‘aurea-marginatus’ exhibited the smallest decline in photosynthetic rate. In general, most physiological and biochemical indicators were more sensitive to combination between stressors than to either stressor alone. E. japonicus ‘aurea-marginatus’ may be the most suitable of the three species to be planted in moderate drought and polluted areas for its best particle retention and physiological performance. |
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| Keywords: | Cross-stressors Dynamics Open-top chamber Vehicle exhaust |
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