Urban fruit orchards: Biodiversity and management restoration effects in the context of land use |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Hradec Králové, Faculty of Science, Rokitanského 62, CZ-500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;2. Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 1176, CZ-165 21, Czech Republic;1. Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Connecticut, United States;2. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, NYC Urban Field Station, United States;3. Forestry, Horticulture, and Natural Resources, New York City Department of Parks and Recreation, United States;4. Baltimore Green Space, United States;5. Morton Arboretum, United States;6. School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, United States;7. Project Manager, Fairmount Park Conservancy, United States;8. Institute for the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, United States;9. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Baltimore Field Station, United States;10. US National Park Service, National Capital Region Inventory & Monitoring Network, United States;11. Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, United States;12. Department of Geography & Environmental Systems, University of Maryland Baltimore County, United States;13. Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, United States;14. Division of Research and Conservation, Longwood Gardens, United States;15. Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, United States;1. Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 254, Štefánikova 3, 814 99 Bratislava, Slovakia;2. Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Branch Nitra, Akademická 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia;1. School of the Environment, Geography and Geosciences, University of Portsmouth, Buckingham Building, Lion Terrace, Portsmouth PO1 3HE, United Kingdom;2. Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom;1. Michigan State University, Department of Horticulture, 1066 Bogue Street, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;2. Michigan State University, Department of Geography, Environment, and Spatial Sciences, 673 Auditorium Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;3. Michigan State University, Department of Forestry, 480 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA |
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| Abstract: | Urban areas have increased greatly in recent decades, which has resulted in habitat loss. However, the promotion of urban green spaces could have a profound effect on biodiversity. Traditional fruit orchards are an important land-use type with the potential to host myriad organisms. Our goal was to determine the most important factors that influence orchard biodiversity in the million city of Prague (the capital of the Czech Republic). We used a multitaxon approach to evaluate the effect of orchard restoration in a landscape context. Restoration had a positive impact on species diversity, specifically, the diversity of orthopterans and butterflies. Moreover, landscape context determined the biodiversity of orthopterans, butterflies, and birds but not that of lichens. Our study underlines the importance of both the internal and external structures of traditional fruit orchards for species richness and composition. The results of our study support the restoration of traditional fruit orchards as a suitable management practice for promoting city biodiversity. Furthermore, orchard restoration can improve the attractiveness of suburban areas. Such areas often lack sufficient urban greening. Thus, restoration in these areas can also increase future recreational value. |
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| Keywords: | Landscape effect Multitaxa Species response Traditional landscape management Urban agroforestry |
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