烟草微喷节水灌溉技术及应用效果

阐述了烟草节水灌溉的意义、微喷灌溉的技术要点和特点。并在河南烟区,以不灌水和传统沟灌为对照进行多点微喷灌溉试验,研究了不同微喷灌水量对烟叶经济性状和水分生产率的影响,结果表明,微喷具有显著的节水、增产、增质效果,在烟草伸根和旺长期干旱条件下微喷2次,每次微喷24~36mm,可显著促进烟株生长,比不灌水增产43.0%~65.6%,增加产值70.7%~103.4%,比传统沟灌增产3.83%~9.53%,水分生产率增加15%~20%,灌水增产率提高200%以上,烟草微喷技术具有较大的推广利用价值。

Techniques of Tobacco Micro-sprinkler Irrigation and Effectiveness of Application

The significance of tobacco water-saving irrigation and the technical aspects of tobacco micro-sprinkler irrigation were introduced in the paper.Multiple trials were set up in Henan tobacco growing areas to investigate the effect of different micro-sprinkling amount on the economic characteristics and water production rate comparing with non-irrigation and traditional furrow irrigation.The results showed that micro-sprinkler irrigation had significant water-saving,yield and quality-increasing effects.On the drought conditions during root spreading and rapid growing stages,irrigated 2 times using micro-sprinkler with 24-36mm each time promoted plant growth,increased tobacco yield by 43.0%-65.6%,and increased production value by 70.7%-103.4%;the water production rate increased 15%-20% compared with traditional furrow irrigation,and the irrigation water increasing rate increased more than 200%.Micro-sprinkler irrigation has great potential for large scale application.