The response of a high-yielding canola hybrid to sulfur fertilization in three contrasting Saskatchewan soils |
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Authors: | Ron Urton R. D. Hangs C. A. Grant |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada;2. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon, Canada |
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Abstract: | AbstractCanola (Brassica napus) is the primary oilseed crop in western Canada; however, it is often grown on sulfur (S)-deficient soils. Moreover, canola has a high S demand compared to cereals and, therefore, is particularly sensitive to S deficiency. This study examined the growth and nutrient uptake responses of a high-yielding canola hybrid cultivar to S fertilization when grown on three contrasting soils differing in S fertility, with and without the addition of fertilizer S. The soils were collected from three soil-climatic zones within Saskatchewan (Brown, Black, and Gray) and three different fertilizer S forms were used: ammonium sulfate (AS); ammonium thiosulfate (ATS); and a composite fertilizer containing nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and S (NPS; 50-50 blend of sulfate (SO4) salt and elemental S). Sulfur fertilization increased the canola biomass, along with plant uptake of N, P, and S on all three soils. Fertilizer S use efficiency (i.e. recovery) ranged from 11-75%. For all three soils, the general trend among fertilizer S forms for biomass, nutrient uptake, and fertilizer use efficiency was AS?>?ATS?>?NPS. The greatest differences were observed with the Gray soil, which had the poorest S fertility. Residual soil SO4 after harvest was greater for ATS and NPS; reflecting continued oxidation of thiosulfate and elemental S to SO4. Principal component analysis demonstrated the importance of tissue N:S ratio as a key diagnostic measurement related to canola growth and nutrient uptake in S-deficient soils. |
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Keywords: | Brassica napus fertilizer use efficiency nitrogen nutrient uptake N:S N:P phosphorus principal component analysis S:P |
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