西北典型内陆湖泊近40年来的演化特点及机制分析

利用40年来的实测数据研究揭示了西北典型内陆湖泊的演化特点及机制。研究表明:赛里木湖气候向暖湿转变,降水逐渐增加,处于湖面稳定扩张阶段;青海湖降水无明显变化,入湖地表径流却逐年减少,湖泊处于持续萎缩阶段;察尔汗盐湖,入湖水量少,湖面蒸发量大,处于干涸、半干涸状态,更容易萎缩。影响湖泊演化的因子主要是气候变化及人类活动。

The Evolution Characteristics of Typical Inland Lakes in Northwest China During the Past 40 Years and Their Mechanism

According to the measured data of typical inland lakes in northwest China, this research has revealed the characteristics of lake evolution and their mechanism during the past 40 years. The research results show that the climate in Sailimu Lake is turning to warm-wet, the precipitation is increasing -gradually, and the lake area is enlarging steadily. The climate in Qinghai Lake has no obvious change,while the runoff, which enters the lake has being decreased year after year, so the lake area is shrinking.As Chaerhan Salt Lake, the quantities of runoff which comes into the lake is few while evaporation is very large so that the lake is in the status of dry and semi-dry, and easier to shrink. The main factors, which influence lake evolution are climate change and human activities.