ACVIM consensus statement guidelines for the classification,diagnosis, and management of cardiomyopathies in cats |
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| Authors: | Virginia Luis Fuentes Jonathan Abbott Valérie Chetboul Etienne Côté Philip R. Fox Jens Häggström Mark D. Kittleson Karsten Schober Joshua A. Stern |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom;2. Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA;3. Alfort Cardiology Unit (UCA), Université Paris-Est, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire d'Alfort (CHUVA), Maisons-Alfort cedex, France;4. Department of Companion Animals, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada;5. Animal Medical Center, New York, New York, USA;6. Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden;7. Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA;8. Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA |
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| Abstract: | Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of myocardial disorders of mostly unknown etiology, and they occur commonly in cats. In some cats, they are well-tolerated and are associated with normal life expectancy, but in other cats they can result in congestive heart failure, arterial thromboembolism or sudden death. Cardiomyopathy classification in cats can be challenging, and in this consensus statement we outline a classification system based on cardiac structure and function (phenotype). We also introduce a staging system for cardiomyopathy that includes subdivision of cats with subclinical cardiomyopathy into those at low risk of life-threatening complications and those at higher risk. Based on the available literature, we offer recommendations for the approach to diagnosis and staging of cardiomyopathies, as well as for management at each stage. |
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| Keywords: | arrhythmogenic cardiovascular congestive heart failure consensus statement echocardiography feline heart hypertrophic cardiomyopathy restrictive cardiomyopathy review treatment |
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