Polysaccharide and salt effects on infiltration and soil erosion. A rainfall simulation study |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Institute of Soils and Water ARO, The Volcani Center P.O. Box 6 Bet Dagan 50250 Israel;2. Institute of Life Science Division of Microbial and Molecular Ecology The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel;1. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Institute of Disinfection By-product Control in Water Treatment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China;2. Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan, ROC;3. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China;1. Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia;2. Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia;3. Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland 4702, Australia;1. Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, TR-25030 Erzurum, Turkey;2. Department of Veterinary Health, Food Agriculture and Livestock Vocational School, Bingöl University, Bingöl 12000, Turkey;3. Department of Organic Agriculture Management, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Igdir University, Igdir, Turkey;4. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bingöl University, Bingöl 12000, Turkey;5. Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey;6. Department of Seafood Processing, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, TR-25030 Erzurum, Turkey;1. Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Geológica y Cartográfica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII, 52, 30203, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain;2. Departamento de Matemática Aplicada y Estadística, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Dr. Fleming s/n, 30202, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain;3. Sustainable Use, Management and Reclamation of Soil and Water Research Group. ETSIA, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII, 48, 30203, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain;1. School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, No. 8 Focheng West Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210098, China;2. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada;3. Fujian Yongfu Power Engineering Co., Ltd., No. 3 Gaoxin Road, Haixi High-tech Zone, Fuzhou, 350108, China |
| |
| Abstract: | Seals forming at the soil surface during rainstorms reduce water penetration and increase runoff in many arid and semi-arid regions. The effect of surface application of an anionic polysaccharide (designated F-Ac), synthesized by the filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaenopsis circularis PCC 6720, on infiltration rate (IR), runoff and erosion of three soils during simulated rainstorms, was studied. The interaction between F-Ac and electrolyte concentration at the soil surface was studied by using distilled water (DW) or tap water (TW) or by spreading phosphogypsum (PG) on the soil surface. F-Ac added at the rate of 3.4 kg ha−1 together with PG at the rate of 5 t ha−1 was the most efficient treatment in improving infiltration and reducing runoff and erosion. This treatment reduced runoff, from the three soils studied, from 65–80% in the control to 14–24%. Soil loss was reduced from 3.6–4.5 Mg ha−1 in the control to 0.5–1.3 Mg ha−1 in the treated soils. DW treatment, singly and in combination with F-Ac, was quite inefficient in preventing seal formation and in reducing runoff and soil loss. Adding F-Ac with TW maintained final IR and runoff levels intermediate between those of F-Ac with PG and those of F-Ac with DW. Electrolytes in the soil surface which flocculated soil clay, enhanced the beneficial effect of F-Ac on aggregate stability and thus greatly reduced water and soil losses. The efficacy of F-Ac as a stabilizing agent (i.e., soil conditioner) wore out during three consecutive storms of 60 mm each. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
