Induction and maintenance of the neuronal cholinergic phenotype in the central nervous system by BMP-9 |
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Authors: | López-Coviella I Berse B Krauss R Thies R S Blusztajn J K |
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Institution: | Department of Psychiatry and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA. |
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Abstract: | Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have multiple functions in the developing nervous system. A member of this family, BMP-9, was found to be highly expressed in the embryonic mouse septum and spinal cord, indicating a possible role in regulating the cholinergic phenotype. In cultured neurons, BMP-9 directly induced the expression of the cholinergic gene locus encoding choline acetyltransferase and the vesicular acetylcholine transporter and up-regulated acetylcholine synthesis. The effect was reversed upon withdrawal of BMP-9. Intracerebroventricular injection of BMP-9 increased acetylcholine levels in vivo. Although certain other BMPs also up-regulated the cholinergic phenotype in vitro, they were less effective than BMP-9. These data indicate that BMP-9 is a differentiating factor for cholinergic central nervous system neurons. |
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