国家自然科学基金(31700270)。

旨在探究盐胁迫下丛枝菌根真菌（arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi，AMF）和不同生物质炭浓度耦合系统中对玉米籽粒产量以及生理生态的调控作用。设置中盐（20 mmol·L^-1）胁迫下对玉米施用生物质炭各0、2%、4%、8%、12%浓度下并接种AMF摩西斗管囊霉Funneliformis mosseae（Fm）、根内根孢囊霉Rhizophagus intraradices（Ri）、共同接种（Fm+Ri）以及不接种对照（CK）共20个处理。结果表明，中盐胁迫下生物质炭能够促进AMF侵染发育，提高AMF泡囊数和侵入点数，与玉米形成良好的共生关系。不同AMF处理和生物质炭协同下均显著增加玉米根长以及叶面积，提高叶绿素含量（SPAD值）以及叶绿素荧光参数，提升植物光合作用并增加玉米产量。在生物质炭添加4%水平下，与对照相比，共同接种Fm+Ri处理的玉米根系长度提高16.8%，叶片叶绿素含量（SPAD值）和叶面积分别提高18.5%和19.9%，玉米籽粒产量提高22.4%；叶片净光合速率（P_n）、蒸腾速率（T_r）和气孔导度（G_s）分别增加51.2%、75.5%和24.8%，胞间CO₂浓度（C_i）下降28.6%；叶绿素荧光参数中最小荧光值（Fo）、最大荧光值（Fm）、光合性能指数（Plabs）以及PSⅡ的最大光化学量子效率（Fv/Fm）分别提高69.6%、32.1%、173.6%和15.1%。可见，生物质炭浓度以及AMF的种类对作物生长的影响并不一致，本试验中生物质炭添加4%水平下并共同接种Fm+Ri处理增加玉米根系长度和叶面积，提高叶绿素含量和荧光参数，增强光合作用能力，提升玉米产量的效果最为显著，生物质炭协同AMF促进作物增产的效果还需进一步大田试验验证。

Regulation of AMF and Biochar Coupling System on Maize Yield and Physiological Ecology under Salt Stress

The object is to explore the regulatory effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) and different concentrations of biochar coupling systems under salt stress on maize grain yield, physiological ecology.Under the stress of moderate salt (20 mmol·L^-1), maize was treated with different concentrations (0%, 2%, 4%, 8%, 12%) of biochar, and inoculated with AMF species Funneliformis mosseae (Fm), Rhizophagus intraradices (Ri), co-inoculated with both (Fm+Ri), and a control without inoculation (CK), totaling 20 treatments.The results showed that biochar significantly enhanced the development of AMF infection, increased the number of AMF vesicles and invasion points, and facilitated a beneficial symbiotic relationship with maize under the stress of moderate salt.AMF and biochar significantly increased the root length and leaf area of maize, enhanced chlorophyll content (SPAD value), and improved chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, thereby increasing the plant photosynthesis and yield.At a 4% biochar concentration, maize root length, SPAD value and leaf areae increased by 16.8%, 18.5% and 19.9%, respectively, compared to the control, resulting in a 22.4% increase in maize grain yield.The net photosynthetic rate (P_n), transpiration rate (T_r) and gas pore conductivity (G_s) increased by 51.2%, 75.5% and 24.8%,respectively, while intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) declined by 28.6%, respectively; The minimum fluorescence value(Fo), maximum fluorescence value(Fm), photosynthetic performance index (Plabs) and maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) increased by 69.6% , 32.1%, 173.6%, and 15.1%.respectively.In conclusion, the concentration of biochar and the type of AMF have inconsistent effects on crop growth.Under the experimental conditions, double inoculation with a Fm+Ri treatment and 4% biochar significantly increased the maize root length and leaf area,chlorophyll content,fluorescence parameters,and photosynthesis,leading to increased crop yield.However, the synergistic effect of biochar and AMF on promoting crop yield requires further validation through field experiments.