声散射模型在鱼类目标强度和种类识别研究中的应用及其进展

渔业资源声学评估技术是水产学科的重要研究内容之一,已成为渔业生物资源量估算的重要手段,其中鱼体声散射模型的建立是核心技术。为此,本文概括论述了渔业资源声学评估技术,梳理了基准和非基准两大类别的10种常见声散射模型的理论基础和适用范围,重点回顾了声散射模型在单体鱼及鱼群目标强度研究中的应用现状,总结了鱼种分类识别研究中声散射模型的应用。在今后的研究中,应通过鱼群声散射建模、理论分析、计算机仿真、实测数据验证相结合的研究方式,可在宽频探鱼声呐获取鱼群信息的基础上,构建更加精确、完善的声学评估技术,为合理估算及开发渔业资源提供可靠的研究手段。

Review on acoustic scattering models and its applications used in fish body target strength and fish species classification

The acoustic assessment of fishery resources is one of the important research contents in the field of fisheries science, and it has become an important method to estimate the fishery biomass, in which the establishment of acoustic scattering model of fish body is the core technology. In this paper, the acoustic assessment techniques of fishery resources were summarized, and the theoretical basis and applicable range of 10 kinds of acoustic scattering models in the two categories of datum and non-datum were summarized, the application of acoustic scattering model in the study of target intensity of individual fish and fish school was reviewed, and the application of acoustic scattering model in fish species classification and recognition was summarized. It is concluded that in the future research, the method of combining acoustic scattering modeling, theoretical analysis, computer simulation and experimental data verification should be adopted, which can be based on the information of fish schools obtained by broadband fish detection sonar, and a more accurate and perfect acoustic assessment technique should be constructed to provide a reliable research method for reasonable estimation and exploitation of fishery resources.