种植密度对晒红烟田间光照强度及烟叶产质量的影响

为了探讨晒红烟种植密度对烟田群体内光照强度、烟叶产量和品质的影响,以当地主栽品种大叶黄为供试材料,设置3个不同种植密度处理。结果表明,随着行距的加大、种植密度的降低,晒红烟群体内光照强度增加,中、下部烟叶光照强度增加明显,T3处理较对照增幅分别达6.77%~36.22%,23.14%~81.49%;随密度降低,晒红烟叶面积系数、群体产量显著降低,T3处理分别较对照降低12.38%,4.44%;个体产量显著升高(21.43%~35.71%),1,2级烟叶比例增加(16.17%~23.57%,16.56%~22.92%);烟叶产值以密度为20 510株/hm2显著高于其他处理。随密度降低,晒红烟总糖和还原糖含量降低,总氮、烟碱以及钾氯比值升高,其中,中、上两部位钾氯比值增加幅度分别为53.20%~132.51%,7.23%~19.68%;中、上部位烟叶香气物质总量增加(13.03%~65.53%,44.41%~54.05%),感官质量明显提高。综合分析认为,种植密度为16 660株/hm2时,烟叶群体结构矛盾有效缓解,烟叶化学成分趋于协调,感官质量最优,产值较高。

Effects of Planting Density on Light Intensity and Yield and Quality of Dark Sun-cured Tobacco

The effects of planting density on the light intensity in the field and the yields and qualities of dark sun-cured tobacco were studied in this paper.The dark sun-cured tobacco variety Dayehuang was selected as material and three treatments of different planting densities were designed.The results showed that,with the increase of row spacing and the decrease of planting density,the light intensity in the field of dark sun-cured tobacco increased,while the light intensity in the middle and lower leaves increased significantly,of which the planting density 16 660 trees/ha increased by 6.77％-36.22％ and 23.14％-81.49％ respectively compared with control.With the decrease of planting density,the leaf area index,the population productivity,the content of total sugar,the reduced sugar and the ratio of reduced sugar and nicotine decreased.The leaf area index and the population productivity of planting density 16 660 trees/ha decreased by 12.38％ and 4.44％ respectively compared with control.The individual productivity increased by 21.43％-35.71％,the ratio of first and second grade tobacco leaves increased by 16.17％-23.57％ and 16.56％-22.92％ respectively,the ratio of potassium and chlorine of middle and upper leaves increased by 53.20％-132.51％ and 7.23％-19.68％ respectively,the aroma substances of middle and upper leaves increased by 13.03 ％-65.53 ％ and 44.41％-54.05 ％ respectively.The nicotine,the total nitrogenous content and the smoking quality also increased.The output value of 20 510 trees/ha was the highest.All the results suggested that the planting density 16 660 trees/ha on the quality of dark sun-cured tobacco leaf could effectively alleviated the contradiction between population and individuals,with suitable chemical components,higher aroma substances and higher output value.