T型细胞质雄性不育小麦T763A的败育特点及育性恢复

为了明确T型细胞质雄性不育小麦T763A败育的形态特征和细胞学特点及对T763A恢复系的选用提供依据,以不育系T763A,保持系763B,恢复系Tm3315B、Tm504B和TP731B为供试材料,进行外部形态特征观察和花粉粒制片(醋酸洋红、I2-KI和DAPI);并以中国春和黑麦为对照试材,对所有供试材料进行核型鉴定。结果表明:T763A败育类型为典败和圆败,成熟花粉粒皱缩无规则,内含物少,花粉败育,败育主要发生在单核晚期到二核期;所有供试材料均为非1B/1R类型;3个恢复系(Tm3315B、Tm504B和TP731B)恢复能力均较强,其中以Tm504B对T763A的恢复能力相对最好,这可能与T763A的胞质类型及与恢复系所含的恢复基因数量有关。

Abortion Characters and Fertility Restoration of T763A,a Male Sterile Line with T.timopheevi Cytoplasm

T type male sterile wheat line is a valuable material for heterosis study and utilization.In order to make the morphological and cytological characteristics of T763A clear,as well as provide reliable basis for the selec-tion of restorer lines,we used male sterile line T763A,maintainer line 763B and restorer lines(Tm3315B,Tm504B and TP731 B)as materials.The external morphology and pollen grain production(Acetic Acid Magenta,I2 -KI and DAPI)were observed;the karyotype of all the materials was identified by molecular marker technology and A-PAGE,with Chinese spring and Secale cereale L.as control materials.The results showed that the pollen sterility type of male sterile line T763A was stained as spherical abortive;the mature pollen grains were shrunk out of shape and had little inclusion,mean while,the pollen grains were infertile;the sterility of T763A occurred between late u-ninucleate and binucleate stage;all the materials were non 1 B /1 R;the restoring capability of the three restorer lines was high,and among them,Tm504B was the best restorer line of T763A,the reasons for this might in connection with the type of cytoplasm of T763A and the gene counts of the restorer lines.