胶东半岛富士苹果叶营养元素分布规律研究

矿质元素是影响果树生长发育、产量形成和品质指标的物质基础。通过收集和测定苹果叶片矿质元素含量,研究了胶东半岛富士苹果叶营养元素标准值及其分布规律。结果表明:胶东半岛富士苹果叶片N、P、K、Ca、Mg和Cu 6种矿质元素的分布分别遵从N~N(24.624,2.412)、P~N(2.03,0.452)、K~N(14.95,3.682)、Ca~N(16.11,5.122)、Mg~N(4.12,1.022)和Cu~N(72.84,38.402)的正态分布,其余4种元素B、Fe、Mn、Zn呈近似χ2偏态分布。对于符合正态分布的6种元素,采用4点5级的概率分级方法,依次划分缺乏、低值、正常值、高值、过高5组数据相对应的分布范围。对于偏态分布的4种元素,参照国内外叶营养标准值,通过概率分级进行校正,使缺乏和过高的叶样占总样的10%左右,低值和高值的叶样占总样的20%左右,正常值范围的叶样占总样的40%左右。据此制定出胶东半岛富士苹果叶营养元素的标准值范围:N 23.36~25.88g/kg,P1.79~2.27g/kg,K 13.02~16.88g/kg,Ca 13.42~18.80g/kg,Mg 3.58~4.66g/kg,Cu 52.67~93.01mg/kg,Fe 121~150mg/kg,B 27~35mg/kg,Mn 161~300mg/kg,Zn 23~28mg/kg。与国内其它地区标准值相比,胶东半岛富士苹果的叶营养元素含量标准值表现出Cu和Mn偏高,Ca、Fe、Zn偏低,N、P、K、Mg和B表现较为相似。

Studies on the distribution of leaf nutrition elements of Fuj i apple in Jiaodong peninsula

Mineral nutrition is the material basis of fruit growth,yield formation and quality improvement. The standard range and distribution of nutritional element contents of Fuji ap-ple in Jiaodong peninsula were studied through leaf collection and mineral analysis.According to the results ofχ2 test,the results showed that the distributions of N,P,K,Ca,Mg and Cu contents in leaves accorded with the normal distribution line,and the distribution curve of each element was N~N(24.624,2.412),P~N(2.03,0.452),K~N(14.95,3.682),Ca~N(16.11, 5.122),Mg~N (4.12,1.022)and Cu~N(72.84,38.402),respectivily.While the contents of B,Fe,Mn and Zn were close to χ2 distribution. According to the probability classification method,the values of normally distributed element could be divided into 5 grades which corre-spond to the absence values,low values,normal values,high values,and excess values of stand-ard range of leaf nutrition,and the relative probabilities of 1 5 grades were 10%,20%,40%, 20% and 10% respective1y.Based on the above theory,the standard distribution ranges of leaf nutrition content of Fuji apple in Jiaodong peninsula were N 23.36 25.88 g/kg,P 1.79 2.27g/kg,K 13.02 16.88 g/kg,Ca 13.42 18.80 g/kg,Mg 3.58 4.66 g/kg,Cu 52.67 93.01 mg/kg,Fe 121 150 mg/kg,B 27 35 mg/kg,Mn 161 300 mg/kg and Zn 23 28 mg/kg respectively.Compared with the other standards,the standard ranges of apple leaf nutri-tional elements of Fuji apple in Jiaodong peninsula were that the characteristics of N,P,K,Mg and B were in normal range,Ca,Fe and Zn were lower,Cu and Mn were much higher in some extents.