秧盘垫铺麻纤维膜与育秧肥底部撒施对水稻机插秧苗素质的影响

采用湿润育秧,研究了不同育秧方式(秧盘不垫铺麻纤维膜育秧和秧盘垫铺麻纤维膜育秧)和育秧肥不同施用方式(100%秧土混施、50%秧土混施+50%秧土底部撒施、100%秧土底部撒施)下水稻机插秧苗的形态、干质量、根系活力、植株可溶性糖和硝态氮含量、发根力,以探索秧盘垫铺麻纤维膜结合育秧肥底部撒施应用于水稻机插育秧的可行性,以进一步改进麻纤维膜水稻机插育秧技术。结果表明,秧盘垫铺麻纤维膜明显提高了水稻机插秧苗素质,相比秧盘未垫铺麻纤维膜的处理,秧盘垫铺麻纤维膜处理的秧苗表现为秧苗壮实,秧苗根冠比、根系活力、植株可溶性糖含量、发根力均有所提高。育秧肥底部供应提高了秧苗地下部生物量和根冠比,提高了秧苗植株可溶性糖含量而降低了硝态氮含量。随着育秧肥底部撒施比例的增加(从100%秧土混施到100%秧土底部撒施),秧盘未垫铺麻纤维膜秧苗的单株地下部干质量提高了69.2%,根冠比增大了60.3%,可溶性糖含量增加了38.6%,硝态氮含量降低了8.2%;秧盘垫铺麻纤维膜秧苗的单株地下部干质量提高了6.8%,根冠比增加了2.6%,可溶性糖含量增加了41.3%,硝态氮含量降低了7.8%。水稻秧苗根系活力和发根力均在育秧肥50%秧土混施+50%秧土底部撒施方式下达到最高值。研究表明,相比混施于育秧土中,育秧肥底部撒施可以提高水稻机插秧苗素质,可与麻纤维膜很好地结合起来应用于水稻机插育秧。

Effect of Bast Fiber Film and Seedling Fertilizer Application Methods on Quality of Machine-transplanted Rice Seedling

The bast fiber film machine-transplanted rice seedling raising technology was generalized in China and favorable effect was obtained.To explore the feasibility of integrating applying bast fiber film with sprinkling seedling fertilizer under the bottom of seedling soil for raising machine-transplanted rice seedling,and further im-prove the bast fiber film machine-transplanted rice seedling raising technology,the featuring,dry weight,root activi-ty,soluble sugar and nitrate-N content,rooting ability of wet seedbed rice seedling under different raising methods (raising seedling without bast fiber film,raising seedling with bast fiber film matting on the bottom surface of seed-ling tray) and different seedling fertilizer application methods(100% mixed in the seedling soil,50% mixed in the seedling soil +50% sprinkled under the bottom of seedling soil,100% sprinkled under the bottom of seedling soil) were carefully investigated.The results showed that rice seedling quality was significantly improved when raised with bast fiber film matting on the bottom surface of seedling tray,compared to that raised without bast fiber film,higher ratio of root to shoot,root activity,soluble sugar content and rooting ability were found in these seedlings.Sprinkling seedling fertilizer under the bottom of seedling soil could increase the dry weight of rice seedling root as well as the ratio of root to shoot,and increase the soluble sugar content of rice seedling while decrease its nitrate-N content.With increasing ratio of sprinkled seedling fertilizer(from 100% mixed in the seedling soil to 100% sprinkled under the bottom of seedling soil),the root dry weight of rice seedling raised without bast fiber film increased by 69.2%, ratio of root to shoot increased by 60.3%,soluble sugar content increased by 38.6%,nitrate-N content decreased by 8.2%,meanwhile,the root dry weight of rice seedling raised with bast fiber film increased by 6.8%,ratio of root to shoot increased by 2.6%,soluble sugar content increased by 41.3%,nitrate-N content decreased by 7.8%.Rice seedling root activity and rooting ability simultaneously got their peak value in the seedling fertilizer application methods of 50% mixed in the seedling soil +50% sprinkled under the bottom of seedling soil.This study showed that compared to mixing in the seedling soil,applying seedling fertilizer at the bottom of seedling soil could signifi-cantly improve rice seedling quality,and it could be perfectly integrated with the bast fiber film for machine-trans-planted rice seedling raising.