人工合成六倍体小麦的ISSR位点遗传多样性分析

为了解人工合成六倍体小麦品种的遗传多样性,选用了100条ISSR引物对11份人工合成小麦和3个普通小麦材料(TP、HTS-1、CS)进行了遗传多样性分析。筛选出了42条引物可用于遗传多样性分析,其中有24条引物对供试材料具有较强的鉴别能力。42条引物共扩增出了273个条带,每条引物扩增出的条带数是3~12,平均每条为6.5,同时检测到在14份小麦试材中有170(占62.3%)个等位变异位点,引物等位变异数为1~11,平均每个位点出现4.5个等位变异。42条引物扩增产物的多态性信息量(PIC)为0.499~0.879,平均为0.767,多数引物扩增的多态性信息量在0.800左右。14份材料间的遗传相似系数为0.663~0.934,平均为0.790。根据材料间的遗传相似系数聚类,14个材料被聚为3类,其中聚为第2类的试材最多。本研究表明,14份小麦材料遗传相似性较大,亲缘关系较近,但参试材料总体遗传多样性水平较高。聚类分析结果与试材系谱及亲本来源相吻合。结果表明ISSR标记技术可应用于物种的鉴别、遗传多样性研究和遗传图谱构建。

Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats Using ISSR Markers

In order to understand the genetic diversity of synthetic hexaploid wheats,100 ISSR primers were used to detect the genetic diversity among 1 1 synthetic hexaploid wheats and three common wheat line (TP,HTS-1 and CS).The results indicated that 42 ISSR primers can be amplified clear bands,24 out of 42 primers had stronger ability to discriminate synthetic hexaploid wheats materials.All the 42 ISSR primers amplified 273 bands,per primer ranged from 3 to 12,with an average of 6.5.Among which 170 (62.3%)allelic variations were detected,the num-ber of allelic variations per primer ranged from 1 to 1 1 ,with an average of 4.5.The value of allelic polymorphism information content (PIC)ranged from 0.499 to 0.879,on the average of 0.767 per primer,most of them over 0.800.The value of genetic similarity (GS)indexes of 14 materials based on the ISSR data varied from 0.663 to 0.934,with an average of 0.790.Cluster analysis showed that all of them in this study could be clustered into three groups,second group of which are more than any others.Cluster analysis revealed that genetic similarity of 14 mate-rials were high,which suggested that the 14 materials had a near relationship.But overall the genetic diversity in the synthetic hexaploid wheats was relatively large.The cluster analysis also reflected the difference of pedigree and pa-rental origin.All of these indicated that ISSR molecular marker technology can also be used to identification of breeds,evaluation of genetic diversity and construction of genetic maps in wheats.