饲喂不同油脂对黄羽肉鸡肌肉组织中脂肪酸组成的影响

选用 8 3日龄的雌性广西黄羽肉鸡 90只 ,随机分成 5组 (每组设 2个重复 ,每个重复 9只 ,共 18只 ) ,研究饲粮中不同油脂对肉鸡肌肉组织脂肪酸组成的影响。 5组饲粮分别含 3%的富含饱和脂肪酸的棕榈油 (PO3组 ,对照组 )、 3% (LO3组 )和 5%的富含α 亚麻酸 (C18:3n 3,ALA)的亚麻油 (LO5组 )、 5%的富含长链n 3脂肪酸 (如C2 0 :5n 3,EPA ;C2 2 :6n 3,DHA)的鱼油 (FO5组 )、 5%的富含亚油酸(C18:2n 6 ,LA)和ALA的火麻仁油 (HO5组 )。饲喂 2 8d,取样测定胸肌和腿肌中的脂肪酸组成。结果表明 :PO3(对照组 )肌肉中的n 6 /n 3脂肪酸比值比例高于其他组 (P <0 0 5) ;与对照组相比 ,LO3组和LO5组以ALA和LA为主的多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA)增加 (P <0 0 5) ,ALA和LA在体内可转化为相应的长链脂肪酸 ;FO5组以长链n 3PUFA ,(如EPA、DPA、DHA)为主的PUFA含量增加 (P <0 0 5) ;HO5组以LA为主的n 6脂肪酸高于其他组 (P <0 0 5) ;长链PUFA (如DHA)易沉积于胸肌中 ,而LA ,ALA易沉积于腿肌中。由此可见 ,肉鸡肌肉组织脂肪酸的组成充分反映了饲粮油脂的脂肪酸组成 ,通过饲粮中添加不同脂肪酸组成的油脂可生产富含特定PUFA的鸡肉

Effect of different oil sources on fatty acid composition of lipids in the muscles of yellow chicken

Ninety 83 d old yellow female Guangxi native meat type chickens were randomly divided into five treatments (two replicates per treatment, 9 birds per replicate) to study the effect of different dietary oil sources on fatty acid composition of lipids in the muscles of breast and thigh of the chicken. Diets with 3% palm oil (PO,control) rich in saturated fatty acid, 3% or 5% linseed oil (LO) rich in α linolenic acid(C18:3 n 3, ALA), 5% fish oil (FO) rich in eicosapentaenoic (C20:5 n 3,EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n 3,DHA), 5% huoma oil (HO) rich in linoleic acid (C18:2 n 6,LA) and ALA were fed respectively. On the 28th day of the experiment, fatty acid composition of lipid in muscles of breast and thigh were determined. The result showed that PO in diet resulted in higher n 6/n 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA) ratio in lipids in muscles of breast and thigh. Compared with the control, LO (3% or 5%) increased the amount of PUFA, mainly in form of ALA and LA, and ALA or LA may be converted to n 6 or n 3 series of long chain PUFA.Therefore, the content of n 3 PUFA in 3% or 5% LO treatment was higher than in 3% PO treatment. The amount of long chain n 3 PUFA (n 3LC PUFA, such as EPA, DPA and DHA ) increased when the diet containing 5% FO was fed. The amount of total n 6 PUFA was higher than in the other treatments when the diet containing 5% HO was fed. LA and ALA were preferentially incorporated in lipids of thigh muscles and long chain PUFA,such as DHA, in breast muscles.It was concluded that fatty acids composition of lipid in the muscles tissues of experimental chicks completely reflected the profile of the dietary oil. Oils with different composition of fatty acids can be used as an ingredient of diet for chicken broiler to produce chicken meat rich in specific PUFA.