用高温高压水精练蚕丝及冻结解冻法回收丝胶的研究

以粗纤度生丝及普通纤度生丝为材料 ,采用高温高压水精练蚕丝 ,丝胶的平均分子量随温度的增加逐步降低 ,10 0℃时丝胶分子量为 2 0万～ 6 5万 ,130℃时 ,为 13万～ 4 3万以下。蚕丝经 12 0℃精练 1h后脱胶干净 ,且练液无污染 ,利于丝胶的回收利用。采用冻结解冻法回收其丝胶 ,可使 110℃精练的丝胶回收率达 80 %以上 ,温度增高回收率降低 ,冻结次数增多回收率提高。

Studies on Silk Degumming Process in Water at High Temperature and Sericin Recovery by Freezing and Unfreezing Method

By studying on the common and coarse fibred silk degumming in water at high temperature,the experiment showed that the silk have been effectively degummed in water for 1 h at 120 ℃,and it is an ideal means to obtain sericin whose average molecular weight decreased gradually along with the rise of temperature,and was 200～65 thousands at 100 ℃ while 130～43 thousands at 130 ℃,which has low cost and no contamination.Recovering the sericin by freezing and unfreezing method,the results showed that the recovery rate of sericin is above 80% at 110 ℃ and the increasing of temperature leaded to the decrease of recovery rate,the increasing of freezing times leaded to raise recovery rate of sericin.