河南省不同烤烟种植区微生物肥效应差异

以河南省不同烤烟种植区为条件,研究了施用微生物肥对土壤微生物数量、烟叶经济产量及化学品质的影响及其相关性。结果表明:4种微生物肥均在一定程度上增加了根际土及非根际土中细菌、真菌及放线菌的数量,并且提高了烤烟的经济产量及化学品质。豫南雨养烟区(SR)微生物肥C对烟叶产量和产值增幅最多,分别比对照提高28.92%、51.95%,微生物肥A对提高上部烟叶钾含量效果最佳,比对照提高47.10%;豫西旱作烟区(WD)微生物肥D对烟叶产量和产值增幅效果最佳,分别比对照提高12.43%、23.49%,微生物肥C对下部烟叶钾含量提高最为显著,比对照增加55.68%。土壤微生物数量与烟叶产量及化学品质间具有一定相关性,豫南雨养烟区(SR)细菌与钾呈极显著正相关,真菌与烟碱呈极显著正相关,与氯呈极显著负相关;豫西旱作烟区(WD)细菌与烟叶产量、产值、氯含量之间呈显著正相关,与烟碱含量呈显著负相关。总之,受气候等生态条件影响,建议豫南雨养烟区(SR)示范应用微生物肥C,豫西旱作烟区(WD)示范应用微生物肥D。

Effects of microbial fertilizers on tobacco planting in different regions of Henan Province

This paper studied the effects of 4 kinds of microbial fertilizer on microbial quantities of tobacco-planting soil, economic yield and chemical component of tobacco, and explored the relationship between them in different flue-cured tobacco ecological growing areas in Henan Province. The results showed that 4 kinds of microbial fertilizer increased the number of bac-teria, fungi and actinomycetes in rhizosphere and non rhizosphere soil, and improved the economic yield and chemical quality of flue-cured tobacco. In rain-fed tobacco planting areas of Southern Henan ( SR) , microbial fertilizer C showed the most sig-nificant effect on tobacco yield and output value, which increased by 28. 92% and 51. 95% than that of the control, respec-tively. Microbial fertilizer A showed the most significantly effect on potassium content of upper leaves with an increase of 47. 10%. In dry cultivation tobacco planting areas of Western Henan ( WD) , microbial fertilizer D showed the most signifi-cant effect on tobacco yield and output value, which increased by 12. 43% and 23. 49% than that of the control, respectively. Microbial fertilizer C showed the most significantly effect on potassium content of lower leaves with an increase of 55. 68%. Through correlation analysis, a certain correlation existed between tobacco economic yield and chemical content in different eco-logical areas. In rain-fed tobacco planting areas ( SR) , bacteria showed very significant positive correlation with potassium, fungi showed very significant positive correlation with nicotine and had very significant negative correlation with chloride; In dry cultivation tobacco planting areas (WD), bacterial showed significantly positively correlated with tobacco yield, production value and chlorine, and had significantly negatively correlated with nicotine. In summary, affected by climate condition, it was suggested that the microbial fertilizer C should be applied in rain-fed tobacco planting areas of Southern Henan ( SR) and the microbial fertilizer D should be applied in dry cultivation tobacco planting areas of Western Henan ( WD) .