不同热水处理方式对橡胶园覆盖绿肥种子萌发的影响

通过对10种橡胶园覆盖绿肥种子进行不同时长的热水处理,分析其发芽时间、发芽势、发芽率及发芽指数,研究不同热水处理方式对绿肥种子萌发的影响。结果表明,毛蔓豆、爪哇葛藤、刺毛黧豆的发芽率、发芽势随着热水处理时间的缩短而下降,而印尼乌绿豆则随着热水处理时间的缩短而上升,铺地木蓝、决明先升高后下降,圆叶决明、十一叶木蓝、长果猪屎豆、钝叶决明先下降后升高。绿肥种子2~4 d开始萌发,不同热水处理方式对绿肥种子开始萌发时间影响不大。毛蔓豆、圆叶决明、决明、钝叶决明的发芽持续时间随热水处理时间的缩短而延长,爪哇葛藤、印尼乌绿豆、长果猪屎豆随热水处理时间的缩短而缩短;不同时长热水处理对铺地木蓝、十一叶木蓝、刺毛黧豆的发芽持续时间影响不大,且这3种种子发芽不整齐、持续时间长,可考虑采用育苗后再移栽。毛蔓豆、爪哇葛藤、刺毛黧豆、圆叶决明、钝叶决明5种绿肥种子加热水直至自然冷却处理效果最好,印尼乌绿豆、十一叶木蓝、长果猪屎豆加热水倒掉冷水骤冷处理效果最好,铺地木蓝、决明加热水马上倒掉处理效果最好。

Effects of different hot water treating approach on the seed germination of mulch green manure in rubber plantation

An experiment was conducted to determine the optimum hot water treating approach of green manure seed germination.10 kinds of leguminous green manure seeds were dealt with different hot water treating approach to study their germination time,energy,rate and index.The results showed that seed germination energy and rate of Calopogonium mucunoides,Pueraria phaseoloides,Mucuna pruriens declined as the hot water treating time getting shortened,but Phaseolus spp rose,Indigofera endecaphylla and Senna obtusifolia fell after rising,Chamaecrista rotundifolia,Indigofera spicata,Crotalaria lanceolata and Cassia obtusifolia rose after falling.Green manure seeds started germination after 2 ～ 4 days,and different hot water treating approach had little influence on seed start germination.Seed germination duration of Calopogonium mucunoides,Chamaecrista rotundifolia,Senna obtusifolia and Cassia obtusifolia rose as the hot water treating tine being shortened,but Pueraria phaseoloides,Phaseolus spp and Crotalaria lanceolata declined,Indigofera endecaphylla,Indigofera spicata and Mucuna pruriens were little affected.Germination of Indigofera endecaphylla,Indigofera spicata and Mucuna pruriens were not neat with long duration time,and transplanting after seedling could be an optional method to solve this problem.Treatment by heating water with natural cooling was optimum for Calopogonium mucunoides,Pueraria phaseoloides,Mucuna pruriens,Chamaecrista rotundifolia and Cassia obtusifolia.The optimum effect was observed for Phaseolus spp,Indigofera spicata and Crotalaria lanceolata when they were treated by temporary hot water then added cold water,while temporary hot water treatment then removed immediately was optimum for Indigofera endecaphylla and Senna obtusifolia.