砒砂岩地区沙棘“柔性坝”拦沙与生态效应试验研究

沙棘植物“柔性坝”是一种防止沟道土壤侵蚀、拦沙保水的新型生物工程,尤其适合生态环境恶劣的砒砂岩地区。在内蒙古砒砂岩地区鄂尔多斯市准格尔旗东一支沟开展了沙棘植物“柔性坝”野外拦沙保水实验,泥沙颗粒级配分析结果表明,沟道“柔性坝”坝系普遍发生了淤积,与下游刚性谷坊配套使用可天然分选沟道里的泥沙——拦粗淤细,将粗沙拦截在沟道里,细沙淤在下游谷坊中,拦沙效果非常明显。“柔性坝”沟道土壤水分监测表明,沙棘植物“柔性坝”沟道土壤剖面含水量年内动态变化有着明显的差异,“柔性坝”可显著调节沟道土壤水分,提高水源涵养能力,促进“柔性坝”自我繁殖,实现坝体的自我增长。

Experimental Research on Effects of Seabuckthorn "Flexible Dam" on Sediment Retention and Ecology in a Soft Rock Region

The "flexible dam" made of the Seabuckthorn plant is a new bio-engineering measure used in soil erosion controlling,sediment retention and water conservation in gully,especially in the soft rock region with serious environmental problems.A field experimental research on sediment retention and water conservation by the seabuckthorn plant "flexible dam" was carried on in the small East-One-Branch gully in the representative soft rock region of Zhungeer County,Erdos City,Inner Mongolia.The analyses of sediment particle distribution and monitored and measured soil moisture data obviously show that the "flexible dams" are mostly silted up.Sediment in gully channel is subject to a natural selection-intercepting coarse sediment particles and depositing fine sediment particles by using the "flexible dams" together with small rigid dams down stream of gully channel.Much of the sediment is just held up in gully and the effect of sediment retention is very distinct.The "flexible dam" can strikingly regulate soil water in gully channel,and the dynamic change in the distribution of soil water in soil profile is obviously different in different positions of the "flexible dam" each year.The seabuckthorn plant "flexible dam" can improve the effects of conserving water,boost the self-reproducibility of "flexible dam" and achieve the self-growth of it.