硫对春小麦籽粒支链淀粉积累及淀粉组分的影响

摘 要： 以3个不同品质类型春小麦为材料，在不同氮水平下，研究硫对籽粒支链淀粉积累及淀粉组分的影响。结果表明，同一品种支链淀粉的动态积累趋势相似，各品种开花后支链淀粉含量呈增加的趋势。开花后5d籽粒即有一定量的支链淀粉积累，随着灌浆进程，支链淀粉积累速率逐渐降低。硫对小麦籽粒支链淀粉含量及淀粉组分的调节作用与氮水平有关。在低氮(N60)水平下，适量施硫有利于高蛋白品种籽粒支链淀粉含量的提高，但降低低蛋白品种籽粒支链淀粉含量。在高氮(N128)水平下，增施硫有利于各品种籽粒支链淀粉含量的提高，但不同类型品种的需硫量存在差异。低氮与硫配合及高氮与硫配合均有利于改善小麦籽粒淀粉组分。

Effects of Sulphur on Accumulation of Grain Amylopectin and Starch Compositions in Spring Wheat

The effects of sulphur on accumulation of grain amylopectin and starch compositions were investigated on three cultivars with different quality on different levels of nitrogen. The results showed that： the dynamics trends of amylopectin accumulation were similar in the same species while the amylopectin content was an increasing trend after anthesis in all varieties. The initial aggregation of grain amylopectin was found bout 5th day after anthesis in wheat, and the rate of amylopectin accumulation decreased gradually with the grouting process. The regulations of sulphur on amylopectin content and starch components were related to the level of nitrogen. On the low-nitrogen level （N60）, sulphur application was benefit to increase amylopectin content of the high-protein cultivars whereas decrease amylopectin content of the low-protein one. On the high-nitrogen level （N128）, sulphur application was benefit to increase amylopectin content of all cultivars. However, the sulphur amount that all types of cultivars required was different. The application of low-nitrogen combined with sulphur and high-nitrogen combined with sulphur were conducive to improve the starch components of spring wheat grain.