地理远缘小麦品种不同播期的生态效应

用来自意大利的7个冬小麦品种和国内的4个冬小麦品种，在同一地点进行不同播期处理，结果表明，所有品种在冬前播种均能完成生活周期；3个中国冬性小麦品种和6个意大利冬性小麦品种于春播时均在ZGS26－32时停止发育，未能抽穗结实，不能完成生活周期；而来自意大利和中国的2个弱冬性品种于第4期播种（3月10日）时能完成生活周期，在第5期播种（3月30日）则不能完成生活周期。冬性品种和弱冬性品种均随播期推迟而株高渐矮，但意大利品种变矮的幅度较小。播期对每平方米穗数和每穗不孕小穗影响最大，对穗长和结实小穗影响较小。冬小麦品种随播期推迟籽粒产量和千粒重渐低，而籽粒蛋白质含量渐高。

Ecological Effect of Sowing Time on Geographically Distant Wheat Varieties

In the experiment, 4 Chinese winter wheat varieties and 7 Italian winter wheat varieties were sown at different time in the same place. The results showed that all the varieties finished life cycle when sowed before winter, 3 Chinese winter type varieties and 6 Italian winter type varieties stopped developing at ZGS (Zadoks growth stages) 26 to 32 when sowed in spring, 1 Italian weak winter type variety and 1 Chinese weak winter type variety finished life cycle when sowed at sowing 4 in spring, while did not finish life cycle when sowed at sowing 5 in spring. The plant height of winter type and weak winter type varieties became shorter with the sowing time delayed but the plant height of the Italian varieties change margin was smaller than that of Chinese varieties. The biggest effect of sowing time was on spikes m -2 and sterile spikelets spike -1 , and smaller effect of sowing time was on spike length and bearing spikelet. With the sowing time delayed, the grain yield and thousand kernel weight were lower while grain protein content was higher in winter wheat varieties.