长三角平原水网区城郊循环农业圈层模式研究

依据循环理念和长三角平原水网地区自身特点,以协调农业生产、环境保育和社会发展关系,促进城郊农业的和谐发展为目标,建立了长三角平原水网区循环农业圈层发展模式。在系统调查分析和圈层建设基础上,对该模式进行了集成熟化,探索并突出了圈层搭建的主要技术环节和应用参数。本模式为以城乡为中心构建同心圆的圈层循环农业发展模式,包括城乡结合部为第1圈层的旱稻模式,以蚕桑、苗木、经济林等多年生农林产业及水产畜牧业为主的第2圈层的"种养加"模式,以及以优质高产粮油、蔬菜生产基地为主的第3圈层规模农业模式。研究显示,该模式中的循环生产链结具有良好农业生产应用前景,利用园林地稻田湿地系统接纳生活污水技术,预计长三角地区每年30多亿t农村生活污水将得以接纳,可极大地缓解地区水体环境负荷。该模式组装集成畜禽粪便分散式土地处理、农业秸秆基质化、蚯蚓堆肥等技术要点,具有良好的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。该模式运行良好,具有重要的理论和实践推广意义。

An agricultural tri-cyclic mode for Yangtze River Delta plain and water regions

Based on the concept of recycling economy and local conditions, an agricultural tri-cyclic mode was built for the Yangtze River Delta plain and water regions. The mode integratively coordinated agricultural, environmental and social benefits. After systematic analysis of the present agricultural conditions and design of the mode, the mode was updated to an advanced stage. The study introduced the main technical parameters and changes required for the mode structure design. The tri-cyclic mode was a recycling agricultural mode consisted of three interconnected circle-like layers with the urban as the center. The three circle-like layers were layers of urban-rural connection area, plantation-cultivation-manufactures and scale agriculture. In the urban-rural connections layer, the main technologies were rotation technology of rice in paddy field and melon/vegetable in dry land, and pollution-free cultivation technology of rice, melon and vegetable. In the second layer, sericulture, nursery, cash forest and aquatic-animal husbandry formed the circulation mode of plantation-cultivation-manufactures. In the third layer, where was far from the city, high quality-high yield grain, oil and vegetable production was the main industries. Based on the study, the agricultural tri-cyclic mode showed great prospects for the Yangtze River Delta plain and water regions. It was estimated that more than 3 billion tons of sewage in the rural areas of the Yangtze River Delta region were absorbable by garden land-paddy wetland systems in a year, which greatly alleviated environmental load of water in the region. The mode assembled and integrated techniques of land decentralization of animal manure, agro-straw utilization, earthworm compost, producing obvious economic, environmental and social benefits. The mode performance was perfect, which was sufficient evidence of academic and practical application. The mode well performance was also of significance for its application and popularization.