金太阳杏花粉超低温保存方法研究

为探讨杏花粉种质保存的方法,进而为花粉培养、遗传转化和杂交育种提供材料,以杏品种金太阳的新鲜成熟花粉为试材,采用干燥法和玻璃化法2种超低温保存技术,对花粉干燥时间、解冻方式和贮藏时间等影响保存后花粉萌发率的有关因素进行研究。结果表明,干燥时间对金太阳杏花粉超低温保存后的萌发率有显著影响,其中干燥法宜在4℃下硅胶干燥8h、玻璃化法宜在(20±1)℃下以玻璃化液PVS2(体积分数15%二甲基亚枫+15%乙二醇+30%甘油+0.4mol/L蔗糖)处理60min;干燥法保存后分别以4℃2h、20℃30min和40℃70s等3种方式化冻,花粉萌发率无明显差别,而对玻璃化法则以40℃70s化冻后的花粉萌发率最高;以2种方法分别保存1、10、30、60d后花粉萌发率无显著变化。

Cryopreservation of pollen of Sungold apricot cultivar by dehydration and vitrification

The fresh mature pollen of Sungold apricot cultivar (Prunus armeniaca Linn. cv. Sungold) was used to investigate the factors influencing cryopreservation of pollen of apricot by dehydration and vitrification. The result indicated that the suitable process of cryopreservation was as follows: the pollen was rapidly plunged into liquid nitrogen for storage following dehydrating for 8 h with silica gel at 4 ℃, or incubating in PVS2 (15% DMSO +15% glycol +30% glycerol +0.4 mol/L sucrose) for 60 min at (20±1) ℃. Effects of thawing ways such as 4 ℃ 2 h、 20 ℃ 30 min and 40 ℃ 70 s on the survival of cryopreserved pollen were not significantly different for dehydration method whereas the germination rates was significantly higher after thawing in 40 ℃ 70 s than in other ways. The viability of pollen was not influenced by the storage time in liquid nitrogen.