草甘膦添加表面活性剂对五节芒生理生化活性的影响

在浙江开化五节芒入侵的撂荒地上,开展了草甘膦添加有机硅和烷基多糖苷2 种表面活性剂防控五节芒的试验,分析了添加表面活性剂后五节芒生理生化活性的变化特征。结果表明:添加表面活性剂显著促进草甘膦药效的发挥,但不同浓度活性剂抑制效果有所差异;0.03%浓度的有机硅和烷基多糖苷可显著提高草甘膦(9 L·hm^-2)对五节芒的抑制效果,综合抑制率可达80% 86%,分别比对照提升35.76%和29.80%;添加表面活性剂显著影响五节芒的生理生化指标,喷药后3 11 d,随着表面活性剂浓度的增加,五节芒叶片酶活性和根系TTC活力升高,抗氧化防御系统活性显著增强;随着受药时间增加,抗氧化系统失衡,叶片中叶绿素a、总叶绿素、叶绿素a/b、类胡萝卜素含量显著降低,叶绿素b含量显著上升;喷药后29 d植物体内MDA含量显著升高,根系TTC活力急剧下降,其中APG(0.03%浓度) 处理对五节芒根系TTC活力变化幅度影响最大。添加表面活性剂后,更大程度地打破了五节芒正常的生理代谢和根系活动,加速植株凋萎和死亡,有助于提高草甘膦对五节芒的防治效果。

Effect of Glyphosate with Two Surfactants on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Miscanthus floridulus

The effect of glyphosate (GLY) with two surfactants OSA and APG on physiological and biochemical characteristics in Miscanthus floridulus were investigated at a fallow forest land in Kaihua, Zhejiang Province. The results showed that adding surfactants significantly improved the inhibition ratio, but different concentration showed different control ratio. The inhibition ratio of OSA (0.03%) and APG (0.03%) was approximate 80% 86%, the two treatments were higher than the CK by 35.76% and 29.80%, respectively. Adding surfactants significant affected the physiological and biochemical characteristics of M. floridulus. The activity of blade enzyme and TTC root increased from the 3rd day to the 11th day after herbicide treatment (DAT), the concentration of surfactants and activity of antioxidant defense system of M. floridulus significantly enhanced. Antioxidant defense system was imbalanced with increasing of glyphosate and surfactants application time. The content of chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, and chlorophyll a/b decreased significantly, while the content of chlorophyll b increased significantly. The content of MDA in blade significantly increased and the activity of TTC root decreased on the 29th DAT, the APG (0.03%) had significantly stronger impact on the activity of TTC root than others. It showed that the stability of physiological metabolism and normal function of roots were broken in higher extent after adding surfactants, and accelerated plant wilting and death. M.floridulus showed severely damage symptoms. Therefore, adding surfactant could markedly improve control effect of glyphosate on M.floridulus.