Image-based estimation of crown volume of individual street trees by plane calculation of angle disparity |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, No. 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China;2. Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, No. 3888 Chenhua Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201602, China;3. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, No. 100 Haisi Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201418, China;1. Department of Earth System Science, Institute for Global Change Studies, Ministry of Education Ecological Field Station for East Asian Migratory Birds, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China;2. Research Center of Urban Forest National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China;3. The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China;4. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, PR China;1. Centre for Environmental Research and Impact Studies, University of Bucharest, 1 Nicolae Balcescu Blvd., 010041 Bucharest, Romania;2. Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele St., 400535 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;3. Chair for Strategic Landscape Planning and Management, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 6 Emil-Ramann St., 85354 Freising, Germany;1. College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, PR China;2. Linan Municipal Bureau of Culture, Radio, TV, Tourism and Sport, Hangzhou 311100, Zhejiang Province, PR China;3. Department of Geography, Virginia Tech, United States;4. Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China;5. School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China;6. China Mobile (Zhejiang) Innovation Research Institute Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310030, PR China;7. Institute of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, PR China;1. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016GCA Córdoba, Argentina;2. Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129. Suchdol, Prague 16500, Czech Republic;3. IES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, Landau 76829, Germany;4. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT)-CONICET, Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba (CIEC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba Capital, Córdoba, Argentina;1. Cartography & GIS Research Group, Department of Geography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium;2. Cosmopolis Centre for Urban Research, Department of Geography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium;3. Building, Architecture, & Town Planning (BATir) Department, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium;1. School of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China;2. Hubei Habitat Environment Research Centre of Engineering and Technology, Wuhan 430072, China;3. Department of Geography, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA;4. Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA |
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| Abstract: | Street trees provide significant and widespread environmental benefits to the city and its citizens, such as improved air quality and adaptation to climate change. Crown volume (CV) indicates the geometric volume of crown, which is an essential indicator for the ecological service evaluation of street trees. The measurement of CV makes it possible to assess the carbon storage and input cost of urban trees. Because of the particularity of crown shape of street trees, the existing two-dimensional methods of calculating CV of forest trees become difficult except the three-dimensional techniques through the unmanned aerial vehicle, LiDAR equipment, and traditional harvest methods. In this study, a new virtual research method for plane calculation of angle disparity (PCAD) is proposed to calculate the CV of street trees. Two temporal satellite images of the exact location were first collected from Google Earth Pro, and then the angle disparity of images was adopted as a starting point to calculate tree height. Finally, CV was calculated from tree height, stem height, and crown diameter. The feasibility of the method was verified by a sample survey of street trees in Shanghai, China and the relative error of CV calculation by PCAD compared to that by field survey was 17.31 %. PCAD has the advantages of low-cost, quick operation, and suitability for a large area in studying CV of street trees. |
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| Keywords: | Crown volume (CV) Plane calculation of angle disparity (PCAD) Virtual survey Urban street tree Shanghai |
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