阳光玫瑰葡萄在广西南宁的引种表现及其一年两收栽培技术

【目的】丰富广西鲜食葡萄品种及延长葡萄供应期,有效推进广西鲜食葡萄产业的持续健康发展。【方法】引进阳光玫瑰葡萄在广西南宁种植,观察其植物学特性、物候期、生长结果习性、果实性状及抗病性等表现,并研究其一年两收配套栽培技术。【结果】经过4年的引种观察,阳光玫瑰葡萄在广西南宁可成功实现一年两收,其果穗光亮整洁,外观优美,果实肉质脆硬香甜,具有浓郁的玫瑰香味,且抗病性强,不易裂果,挂果期长,商品性好,耐运输;在广西南宁定植第2年进入丰产期,第一造果产量达11532.00 kg/ha,第二造果产量为7524.00 kg/ha。同时总结出阳光玫瑰葡萄的建园及定植、架式选择、催芽技术、树体管理、花果管理、肥水管理、冬季整形修剪及病虫害防控等一年两收栽培关键技术。【结论】阳光玫瑰葡萄丰产稳产,适应性和抗病性强,果实品质极优,综合经济性状良好,适宜在桂南地区推广并进行一年两收栽培,生产上宜推广栽培脱毒苗。

Introduction performance and double-harvest-a-year cultivation technique of‘Shine Muscat’ grape in Nanning,Guangxi

Objective]The present experiment was conducted to enrich the table grape varieties and extend the supply period of table grapes, in order to effectively promote the sustainable and healthy development of table grape industry in Guangxi. Method]‘Shine Muscat’ grape was introduced and cultivated in Nanning, Guangxi. The botanical characteris-tics , phenology , growth habit , fruit character and disease resistance of ‘Shine Muscat ’ grape were observed , and the double-harvest-a-year cultivation technology was studied. Result]After four years’ introduction and observation, it was found that ‘Shine Muscat’ grape could successfully achieve a double-harvest-a-year cultivation in Guangxi. The fruit quality was excellent with bright and clean cluster, beautiful appearance, hard and brittle flesh, high sugar content and rich rose fragrance. The grapevines showed high disease resistance, less fruit cracking, long fruiting period. The berries had good commodity and transport nature. The grapevine entered high yield stage in the second year after planting in Nan-ning with 11532.00 kg/ha for the first harvest and 7524.00 kg/ha for the second. Furthermore , the key double-harvest-a-year cultivation technologies of ‘Shine Muscat’ grape were summarized, including orchard building, trellis selecting, ger-mination accelerating, tree management, flower and fruit management, fertilizer and water management, winter pruning, plant diseases and insect pests prevention and control et al..Conclusion]‘Shine Muscat’ grape has many advantages, such as strong adaptability, dependable and high yield, high disease resistance and fruit quality, good comprehensive e-conomic characters, which is suitable to both traditional and sightseeing agriculture cultivation and can be extended under the double-harvest-a-year cultivation in the south Guangxi. Virus-free seedling are recommended during cultivation and popularization.