辽宁省 1981—2010年潜在蒸散量的变化及生态需水分析

为了能够实时了解辽宁各地区的土壤水分盈亏量，建立辽宁生态需水分析系统，从而科学指导人工增雨作业，利用辽宁省55个站1981-2010年逐日的降水量、风速、气温、气压、相对湿度、日照时数、最低气温、最高气温等气象资料，采用Penman-Monteith模型计算了潜在蒸散量，分析了辽宁地区潜在蒸散量的时空变化趋势和特征。结果表明：近30年来，辽宁省各站点潜在蒸散量的年际变化整体呈下降趋势；四季变化中，夏季潜在蒸散量最大，春季和夏季相差不大或略大于夏季，秋冬季较小；空间分布特征表现为自西向东递减。

The Change of Potential Evapotranspiration during 1981 to 2010 and the Analysis of Ecological Water Demand

Based on the daily precipitation, wind speed, temperature, barometric pressure, relative humidity, the daily total sunshine, minimum temperature, maximum temperature and other meteorological data of 55 stations from 1981 to 2012, using FAO Pen-man-Monteith model to calculate potential evapotranspiration and analysisthe temporal and spatial variation of potential evapotranspiration trends and characteristics of Liaoning Province, in order to know the real-time of the amount of soil gains and losses of Liaoning, we establish ecological water analysis system to guide on rainfall operations scientificly. The results showed that nearly 30 years the interannual change of potential evapotranspiration is downward trend in the overall in Liaoning Province. The summer potential evapotranspiration is the most one in four seasons , spring winds makes potential evapotranspiration in spring after the summer, some regions a little difference or even slightly larger than the summer,Autumn and winter is small. The spatial distribution of the characteristic decreasing from west to east.