组织特异性启动子在作物基因工程中的研究进展

作物基因工程中常使用组成型启动子驱动外源基因在转基因作物中高效表达，但组成型启动子不能从时间上和空间上调控外源基因的表达。可以采用组织特异性启动子，在特定器官或组织中表达外源基因，从而减轻组成型启动子对转基因作物的不良影响，使目标基因的表达产物在特定部位积累。本研究通过对组织特异性启动子的特征进行了简要阐述，重点归纳了组织特异性启动子的分类，分析了其在作物基因工程中的最新研究进展，并探讨了其在作物基因工程应用中存在的问题与前景。

The Research Progress of Tissue-specific Promoters in Crop Gene Engineering

In the crop genetic engineering, constitute promoters have been used to make foreign gene express efficiently in transgenic crops, but constitute promoters are unable to regulate gene expression temporally and spatially. Tissue-specific promoters can be employed to alleviate the drawbacks of constituted promoters in transgenic crops. The target genes driven by tissue-specific promoters are expressed in special tissue or organ, and the target proteins are accumulated in special parts. This review was a brief introduction to tissue-specific promoter characters, mainly focusing on the category of tissue-specific promoters and the up-to-date research progress in crop genetic engineering. Furthermore, the limits and prospects of tissue-specific promoters in crop genetic engineering were discussed.