南疆地区苹果园土壤肥力营养状况分析

为探明南疆地区不同土壤质地、不同树龄‘红富士’苹果园土壤养分及矿质元素的特性，分别以壤土、沙土、粘土质地幼龄和盛果期果园为研究对象，分别测定0~20 cm、20~60 cm土样有机质、N、P、K、Ca、B、Mg等矿质元素含量，研究不同果园土壤养分和矿质元素的特性。结果表明：（1）盛果期果园有机质和矿质元素的含量高于幼龄期果园。（2）不同土壤质地果园土壤中有机质和矿质元素的含量差异较大，壤土和粘土质地果园土壤中矿质元素的分布规律相似。（3）0~20 cm和20~60 cm土层中矿质元素的分布有一定的差异，其中有机质与有效硼的差异较大，达到差异显著性。（4）阿克苏地区苹果园土肥管理过程中应增施有机肥、速效氮和有效硼，同时对沙土果园的管理还应该增加钙肥和镁肥的管理。

The Analysis of Apple Orchards Soil Fertility Condition in Southern Xinjiang

In order to study the difference of soil nutrient elements distribution characteristic between different ‘Fuji＇apple orchards with various soil texture and tree age. Take full fruit and sapling period orchardsrespectively with loam, sandy and clay soil as research objects. Analyze for organic matters and nutrientelements（N, P, K, Ca, B, Mg） in 0-20 cm and 20-60 cm depths soil layer. The result showed that：（1） Thecontent of organic matters and nutrient elements in full fruit period orchards was high than in sapling.（2） Therewere great differences in element content between various soil texture and tree age orchards. Loam and claysoil had same distribution regularity.（3） There were some difference of elements content between soil layer,especially soil organic and B, reached significant difference.（4） The apple orchard soil and fertilizermanagement in Akesu prefecture should pay attention on increasing organic fertilizer nitrogen and boronelements application. The management of sand orchard should also increase calcium fertilizer and magnesiumfertilizer.