PEST模型对比分析中美发展海洋产业的宏观环境

海洋强国是十八大期间国家提出的一项新的战略目标，海洋产业发展的研究成为一项新的热点。海洋产业的发展同其他行业一样，受到宏观环境的约束。为了改善当前的海洋产业的发展宏观环境，通过采用对比分析的研究方法，利用PEST模型从发展海洋产业的政治法律环境、经济环境、社会文化环境和科技环境，与美国这个海洋强国进行对比，发现中国的海洋产业发展缺乏国家层面的相关法律法规以及经济倾斜政策，国民普遍缺乏海洋意识，海洋科技的研究缺乏学科间的交叉融合。要改善中国海洋产业的宏观环境，首要任务是提升国民的海洋意识，让所有国民意识到海洋发展的重要性，敦促国家出台配套完善的海洋相管法律以及经济倾斜政策。

Contrastive Analyses on Macro-environment of Marine Industry in U.S and China with PEST Model

Building China as a marine powerful country is a new strategic goal during the 18th National Congress of CPC. Therefore, the marine industry becomes a new popular research issue. The development of marine industry is restricted with the macro-environment as other industries. To upgrade current China’s macro-environment of marine industry, this passage intends to use contrastive analyses comparing with U.S, a marine powerful nation worldwide, with PEST model analyzing the macro-environment of marine industry from the perspective of the political and law environment, economic environment, social cultural environment and technological environment respectively. After comparison, lack of national-level marine-related laws and regulation and marine-favored economic policies, weak marine conscious and cross-subject integration in marine science development are found. To improve current macro-environment of China’s marine industry, enhance the marine consicious is the first priority. Only all the citizens of China are aware the importance of marine industry can urge the government to launch perfect marine-related laws and economic-favored policies.