大宝山矿区地下水重金属污染季节特征与环境风险

为了研究矿山开采区地下水季节变化特征及这种特征引起的环境风险，以广东大宝山矿区地下水为例，应运环境健康风险评估模型计算环境风险。结果表明，丰水期地下水重金属含量较枯水期增加。运用环境健康风险评价模型对环境风险进行计算表明，Cu、Pb和Zn通过饮水途径的环境风险范围在10^-10~10^-12之间，通过皮肤接触的风险范围在10^-11~10^-17之间；Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd通过皮肤接触环境风险：值枯水期＞丰水期；Pb和Zn通过饮水途径的环境风险：丰水期＞枯水期，Cd环境风险水平与距污染源距离相关，而离尾矿库区距离越远，则重金属Cd的健康风险水平影响越小。枯丰水期Cd的环境风险值超过ICRP推荐的最大可接受风险水平，因此Cd应为该矿区地下水优先控制的污染物。

Seasonal Change Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals of the Groundwater in the Dabaoshan Mine Land

In order to study the environmental risks of mining groundwater characteristics and seasonal changes caused by mining. A systematic survey and determination of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd concentrations in the groundwater were studied in the Dabaoshan mine land. The possible environmental risk to local inhabitants via consumption and shower were assessed based on the USEPA health risk assessment model. The results showed that: the Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd concentrations in the tailing area in the wet season higher than dry season. The non-carcinogen risk values of Cu, Pb and Zn via consumption were mainly in the range of 10-10-10-12, and the carcinogen risks were in the range of 10-11-10-17, which would not cause harm to the health of local inhabitants. The values (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd) of carcinogen risks in the dry season via shower were mostly higher than wet season. The health risks of Pb and Zn in the wet season were higher than the dry season, but the value of Cd risks had related with the distance to the tailing area. In the tailing area the levels of health risk were affected by the tailing discharge. Moreover, the carcinogenic risk values of Cd in the tailing area exceeded the maximum acceptable levels set by U S EPA. Therefore the pollution of Cd should be firstly taken into consideration of prevention in the groundwater of the Dabaoshan mine land.