鱼类糖酵解关键酶的研究进展

糖酵解是指葡萄糖或糖原分解为丙酮酸并伴有ATP生成，这一过程在细胞质中进行，不需要氧气，每一步反应均由特异的酶催化，与哺乳动物相比，鱼类糖酵解的能力较低，这可能与鱼类糖酵解关键酶的活性有关。目前，关于饲料中碳水化合物含量的不同是否可以从酶水平和基因表达水平对鱼类糖酵解关键酶进行有效地调节还存在异议。本研究概述了鱼类糖酵解的3种关键酶：葡萄糖激酶(Glucokinase，GK)、6-磷酸果糖激酶-1(Phosphofructokinase，PFK)和丙酮酸激酶(Pyruvate Kinase，PK)的结构和分布，并从饲料中碳水化合物的添加水平和种类的角度阐述了其对GK、PFK和PK的活性和基因表达的影响，以期为碳水化合物在饲料中的合理添加提供理论依据。

Research Advances in Glycolytic Key Enzyme of Fish

Glycolysis refers to a process in which the glucose or glycogen is broken down into pyruvate with the production of ATP in the cytoplasm. Each reaction of the process is catalyzed by a specific enzyme without the participation of oxygen. Compared with mammals, the glycolysis ability of fish is lower. This phenomenon may result from the glycolytic key enzyme activity of fish. Whether the different amount of carbohydrate in feed can modulate glycolytic key enzyme effectively from the level of enzyme activity and gene expression is still in controversy up to now. This article summarizes the structure and distribution of three glycolytic key enzyme of fish: Glucokinase(GK), Phosphofructokinase(PFK) and Pyruvate Kinase(PK)and states the influence of the amount and types of carbohydrate on enzyme activity and gene expression of GK, PFK and PK in order to provide theoretic basis for moderate carbohydrates added to feed.