月季（Rosa hybrida L.）单心皮中双胚珠现象研究

远缘杂交目前仍是将中国蔷薇资源的优良基因引入现代月季的最有效手段，而胚败育是得到远缘杂交后代的瓶颈问题。为此，本试验中采取幼果期、青果期、成熟期的果实分别进行不同预处理及解剖观察，探索月季胚珠发育的特点，为胚挽救的实施提供理论依据。在研究过程中发现了月季单心皮中存在2个胚珠的现象。此现象在多个月季品种花后15天内的幼果中普遍存在，此阶段的2个胚珠发育情况相同；花后30～60天的青果中，也观察到了双胚珠现象的存在，但比率明显降低，而且其中只有一个胚珠正常发育，另一个处于败育状态。同时还发现，经过低温沙藏的有的成熟瘦果中2粒种子同时萌发，说明同一个子房中的2个胚珠在适宜条件下可能同时发育并正常萌发。

Study on Double-ovules in a Single Carpel of Rosa hybrida L.

A new phenomenon was found in recent experiment: Two ovules formed in a single carpel in rose, especial prevailed in young fruit in 15 days after flowering in many rose varieties, growth situation of the two ovules is same at this stage; the phenomenon was also observed in 30 ~ 60 days after flowering, but the ratio of double-ovule significantly reduced, and only one ovule normal developed, the other in the abortion status. Also found that, two seeds in a mature achene germination at the same time after a low-temperature sand reservoir, indicating the two ovules in the single ovary may normal develop and germinate under the right conditions.