核桃树体不同器官氮、磷、钾含量及累积分布特征

为了探明核桃树体氮磷钾营养分布推动核桃合理施肥，以10年龄辽核1号为试材，于果实采收期对其进行整株采样肢解，研究了核桃树体生物量的构成特点、氮、磷、钾含量和累积分配特性。结果表明，多年生营养器官是干质量分配的主体，一年生器官占总干重的28.6%,其中主要是叶片和果实；多年生器官占61.5%，根系占9.9%。各器官中氮、磷、钾含量差异显著，氮的含量以种仁中最高，其次是叶片；磷含量以种仁中最高，青皮次之；钾含量以青皮最高，硬壳、种仁次之。氮磷钾吸收累积量表现为：氮＞钾＞磷，比例为13.4:1:4.4；一年生器官养分累积量＞多年生枝干＞根系。每生产100kg干商品核桃果实需提供N 10.3kg、P 1.15kg、K 8.76kg。

Accumulation and Distribution of N, P and K in Different Organs of Walnut Trees (Juglans regia L.)

In order to promote rational fertilization of walnut production in Shanxi ,Walnut trees were excavated, fractionated into various tree components at fruits harvesting stage to evaluate the character of dry matter composition and the properties of accumulation and distribution of N, P and K in different organs of Walnut (Juglans regia L.)trees which were 9 years old. The results showed that new organs accounted for 28.6% of the biomass of walnut tree，old organs for 61.5% and roots for 9.9%，respectively. The concentration of N, P and K of different organs has significant difference , and the nitrogen （N） content was the highest in the kernel, phosphorus（P） in the Kernel and potassium （K）in the shuck .Nitrogen was mainly distributed in the leaf， kernel， perennial branches and truck . Phosphorus was mainly distributed in the kernel，leaf，perennial branches and truck . Potassium was mainly distributed in the shuck and leaf. Amount of accumulation of N was highest , followed by K and P, and the ratio of N: P :K was 13.4:1:4.4, amount of accumulation of nutrients were higher in new organs than in old organs and roots.To obtain100 kg dry matter of fruits，Walnut trees must uptake N 10.3 kg， P 1.15 kg， K 8.76 kg.